摘要
The travel time and amplitude of ground-penetrating radar （GPR） waves are closely related to medium parameters such as water content, porosity, and dielectric permittivity. However, conventional estimation methods, which are mostly based on wave velocity, are not suitable for real complex media because of limited resolution. Impedance inversion uses the reflection coefficient of radar waves to directly calculate GPR impedance and other parameters of subsurface media. We construct a 3D multiscale stochastic medium model and use the mixed Gaussian and exponential autocorrelation function to describe the distribution of parameters in real subsurface media. We introduce an elliptical Gaussian function to describe local random anomalies. The tapering function is also introduced to reduce calculation errors caused by the numerical simulation of discrete grids. We derive the impedance inversion workflow and test the calculation precision in complex media. Finally, we use impedance inversion to process GPR field data in a polluted site in Mongolia. The inversion results were constrained using borehole data and validated by resistivity data.
描述和估计介质含水量、介电常数等属性参数分布是探地雷达探测技术的重要研究内容。雷达波的旅行时间和反射振幅系数与介质含水量、孔隙度与介电常数密切相关。常规通过旅行时间计算波速以估计介质参数的方法,例如透射波法,共中心点速度分析等,对于复杂介质分辨率有限。基于反射振幅的阻抗反演方法可以直接根据反射系数计算雷达波阻抗以估计介质属性参数,从而有效地避开常规方法在计算波速时精度低的问题。本文首先建立了基于高斯型和指数型混合自相关函数的三维多尺度等效随机介质模型刻画地下随机介质参数分布,并在局部加入高斯椭圆方程描述局部随机异常目标体。其次,通过引入锥形函数以降低随机介质模型在离散网格数值计算方法误差。在此基础上,推导了探地雷达递推阻抗反演的基本流程并结合随机介质模型测试了该方法在复杂介质参数估计中的计算精度。最后,对内蒙地区的实测探地雷达数据利用递推阻抗反演方法来估计地下污染物参数,估计介电常数、含水量结果与钻孔实测数据和同期开展的电阻率成像结果有很好的吻合。说明基于递推阻抗反演方法在探地雷达复杂介质属性参数估计中具有很好的应用前景。
基金
supported by the Doctoral Fund Project of the Ministry of Education(No.20130061110060 class tutors)
the Post-Doctoral Fund Project(No.2015M571366)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41174097)
US DoD ARO Project"Advanced Mathematical Algorithm"(No.W911NF-11-2-0046)
