摘要
3D打印枪支、信用卡、钥匙等事例凸显3D打印的刑事犯罪风险,影响3D打印产业健康发展。3D数据模型和3D打印物品均可能被犯罪工具化运用,犯罪隐患横跨信息与实物两个领域。现有刑法理论偏重于将犯罪工具理解为实物,不能满足3D数据模型的信息规制需要。《刑法》对犯罪工具作了犯罪构成必备要件和选择性要件两种规定,罪状有极强的弹性和包容性,并通过作为、不作为、持有三类危害行为的规制防范3D打印犯罪工具。《刑法修正案(九)》强化信息管理刑事立法,新设罪名填补立法漏洞,对预防3D打印犯罪工具有深远意义。
3D printing guns, credit cards, keys and other examples highlight the criminal risk of 3D printing, impact on the healthy development of 3D printing industry. 3D data model and 3D print items are likely to be used by the tool of crime. The information and material object of 3D printing contain crime risk. The existing criminal theory proposal that criminal instrument is material object, which can not meet the needs of information regulation on 3D data model. The Criminal Law of the people's Republic of China stipulates that criminal instrument have two kinds: the essential elements of crime and selective elements of crime. This kind of legislative model has a strong flexibility and tolerance. The Criminal Law regulated action, omission, holding to prevent criminal instrument of the 3D printing. Amendment (IX) to the Criminal Law strengthened criminal legislation of information, new charges to fill the legislative loopholes. It is of far-reaching significance for preventing 3D printing criminal instrument.
出处
《科技与法律》
2015年第6期1116-1132,共17页
Science Technology and Law
