摘要
目的了解2009-2013年陕西省狂犬病流行特征,为下一步狂犬病防控工作提供科学依据。方法收集、统计和分析陕西省2009-2013年狂犬病病例个案信息,采用Epi Data 3.02建立个案数据库,使用SPSS 12.5进行统计分析。结果陕西省2009-2013年共报告200例狂犬病病例,病死率为100%。发病季节性明显,以夏秋季为主。40-69岁病例占病例总数的70.5%。职业分布以农民为主,占84.5%。狂犬病主要分布在关中和陕南地区流行,流行范围处于扩大态势。伤人动物主要是犬,家养犬较流浪犬造成发病更多。病例被咬伤部位的比例由高到低依次为手、上肢、下肢、头面部、多处复合伤。潜伏期中位数为53.3 d,发病后5 d内死亡的病例数达病例总数的80.5%。伤后伤口规范处置率和疫苗接种率较低,分别为16.5%和15.5%,人用狂犬病免疫球蛋白使用率仅为1.5%。结论陕西省狂犬病防控形势依然严峻,流行将在未来很长一段时间呈持续状态,需采取综合措施应对。
Objective To study the epidemic characteristics of rabies in Shanxi province from 2009 to 2013,in order to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of rabies. Methods Collected and analyzed all the information of the rabies case records from 2009 to 2013 in Shanxi province. Results There were 200 rabies incidence occurred in the past five years in Shanxi province. The fatality rate was 100%. The morbidity showed seasonal variation. The peak incidence month segments in the occurrence of rabies were June and from August to October,accounting for 50% of all cases. The susceptible age segments in the occurrence of rabies were from 40 to 69,accounting for 70. 5% of all cases. The susceptible occupation was peasants,accounting for 84. 5% of all cases. Rabies is prevalent mostly in Guanzhong and Shannan area,and the epidemic range is spreading wildly. The pathogenic animal was mostly dogs,and the domestic dogs caused more cases than stray dogs. The lethal injured areas ranked in descending order,and they were hands,upper limbs,lower limbs,heads and faces,and multiple injuries. The medium incubation period of rabies was 60 days. The percentage of death cases occurred within five days after the onset of rabies was 80. 5% of all cases. Standard post exposure treatment,and vaccination were both poorly performed,only 16. 5% and 15. 3%. The application of immunoglobulin injection was only 1. 5%. Conclusions The situation of prevention and control of rabies in Shanxi province is still grim,the prevalence of rabies will last for a certain long time,and comprehensive measures must be made.
出处
《医学动物防制》
2016年第1期38-41,共4页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
关键词
狂犬病
流行因素
分析
Rabies
Epidemic factor
Analysis
