摘要
朱熹与陆九渊都是南宋著名的理学家。在心、理问题上,陆九渊主"心即是理",以心为本体,故不必到心外去求理;朱熹主"性即是理",以理为本体,视心为认识主体,故必须到心外去求理。在认知方面,陆九渊认为,为学之道即在于明此心而后力行之。"格物致知"即是本心向外的践履。朱熹言格物穷理,又认为"理具于心,故要致吾心之知","格物致知"即是向外求其理,而致吾心之知。
Zhu Xi and Lu Jiu-yuan are the famous neo-confucianists in Southern Song dynasty. As to the relationship between Xin and Li, Lu thinks that ＂ Xin is equal to Li＂, and the former is the ontology and hence the latter can＇t be derived ouside the former. Yet for Zhu, he believes that ＂ Xing is equal to Li＂, and the latter is the ontology, Xin stands for the cognitive subject, hence the latter can be derived only ouside the former. As to the cognitive aspect, Lu thinks the way of learning lies in finding one＇s true Xin and then practicing it earnestly, and hence for him ＂ investigating things in order to attain knowledge ＂ is such a kind of Xin-based practice which is directed at the outside world. Zhu advocates ＂ investigate things in order to explore Li＂, yet he emphasizes that ＂ Xin has Li, so it is necessary to attain knowledge of one＇s Xin＂, and for him ＂ investigating things in order to attain knowledge ＂ is to ＂ explore Li＂ through investigating the outside world for the sake of attaining knowledge of one＇s Xin.
出处
《武夷学院学报》
2015年第10期1-5,共5页
Journal of Wuyi University
基金
福建省高校服务海西建设重点项目(B051)
2014年福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(社科A类)(JAS14303)
关键词
朱熹
陆九渊
心与理
格物致知
相异
Zhu Xi
Lu Jiu-yuan
Xin and Li
investigating things in order to attain knowledge
difference
