摘要
回应公民意见是现代政治系统的基本功能,西方国家的研究表明,公民意见是政府决策的基本影响因素;然而,讨论转型国家中公民意见影响政府决策的研究相对缺乏。本文旨在利用调查实验分析转型中国公民意见对地方财政决策的影响。基于"意见-政策连接"理论,通过对26个地级市3059位地方官员的调查实验来检验假设,实验同时考察了经济发展和民生福利两个政策领域上级政府和本地公民意见对地方财政决策的影响。实验结果表明,在地方层面,经济发展支出决策显著地受上级政府和本地公民意见的影响,前者的影响略强于后者;民生福利支出决策不受上级政府和公民意见影响。该结论在控制了官员个体特征、政治价值观、政策偏好和地区差异后仍然成立。中国地方政府"选择性"地回应公民意见,具有经济回应性,"选择性回应"的前提是该政策领域具有高显著度、公民和决策者具有共享的政策偏好。因而,强化政府回应性应同时着力于开放政策过程与上级权威对地方官员偏好的调节。
Responding to public opinion is one of the fundamental functions of a modern political system. However,there are few empirical researches to explore the effect of public opinion on policy decisions in transitional countries. The objective of this paper is to examine the role of local public opinion on local fiscal decision making under the top-down government system. This paper attempts to identify the effect of public opinion on local fiscal decision making by conducting survey experiment of 3059 Chinese local officials in 26 prefecture cities. The experiment covers both policy domains of economic investment and social welfare,and also examines the different impact of superior government's orders and local public opinion on local fiscal decision making. We find that local government's economic investment decision is significantly affected by both the order of superior government and local public opinion,but the influence of the former is slightly stronger than the latter. However,both the superior order and local public opinion do not affect the social welfare decision in local government. The findings are robust when controlling for the individual characteristics,political values,and policy preference of public officials and spatial differences in economic development and fiscal independence. The key limitation of the study is that the study only covers 26 cities,which threat the external validity of the experiment. Author limitation is that it focuses solely on economic investment and social welfare policies. The findings show that local government in China supplies selective responsiveness in some certain policy such as economic investment,provided that the policy domain are high degree of salience and shared policy preferences existed between policy makers and citizens. So Chinese government should open its policy process and adjust its officials' preference through superior's order. Expanding the public opinion-policy making relationship in transitional countries through original excremental design. Promoting the innovative research method like experiment in public administration.
出处
《公共管理学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第3期57-68,157,共12页
Journal of Public Management
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目(15CZZ036)
北京市自然科学基金青年项目(9154030)
关键词
政府回应性
财政决策
调查实验
经济发展
选择性回应
Government Responsiveness,Fiscal Decision,Survey Experiment,Economic Investment,Selective Responsiveness
