摘要
目的了解北京市中小学生在家庭中伤害发生的情况,为指导家长开展儿童伤害预防工作提供参考。方法采用横断面回顾性调查的方法,于2012年9月在北京市16个区县抽取104所中小学校16 680名在校中小学生,调查2011—2012学年学生伤害发生情况,分析学生在家庭环境中发生伤害的主要类型、严重程度和愈后处理等。结果北京市中小学生共发生2 146人次伤害,在家中发生的伤害共509人次,占伤害总例数的23.72%,家庭伤害发生率为3.05%,城区为2.89%,郊区为3.16%;男生为3.12%,女生为2.99%,城郊、性别差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。家中发生的509人次伤害中,跌倒/坠落伤排在伤害类型的第1位(占36.94%);伤害发生时学生从事活动排第1位的是休闲娱乐(占27.90%);受伤部位排第1位的是手部/脚部(含腕、踝),占43.03%。受伤后61.69%到医院/校医室就诊,5.30%住院治疗;平均每人次伤害造成学生休息3.94 d,缺课1.08 d。结论家庭是中小学生伤害发生的主要场所之一,家庭环境下儿童伤害的发生有其独特的流行特征,家庭伤害应以预防跌倒/坠落伤为主。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of injuries at home among primary and middle school students in Beijing to provide scientific basis for guiding parents to prevent injuries at home. Methods The cross-sectional retrospective survey was implemented in 104 primary and middle schools,17 086 students from 16 districts were administered with the questionnaire during September,2012 in Beijing. The investigation collected major types,degree of severity,and treatment of injuries at home during 2011-2012 school year. Results The prevalence rate of injuries at home among primary and middle school students in Beijing was 3. 05%,accounting for 23. 72% of the total cases damage; the prevalence rate had no differences in region and gender. Among 509 persontime injuries,falling was most common type（ 36. 94%）. Injury was most likely to occur at leisure entertainment（ 27. 90%）. The wrists,hands,and feet were most commonly affected（ 43. 03%）. Nearly 61. 69% of injuries need medical treatment and 5. 30% resulted in hospitalization. Each injury caused 3. 94 days＇ rest and 1. 08 days＇ absent from school averagely. Conclusion Home is the most common place where injuries happen among primary and middle school students,the occurrence of child household injuries have unique epidemiological characteristics. Fall and injury prevention continues to be a major challenge.
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2015年第12期1775-1777,1782,共4页
Chinese Journal of School Health
关键词
学生
家庭
预防医学
意外跌倒
因素分析
统计学
Students
Family
Preventive medicine
Accidental falls
Factor analysis
statistical
