摘要
【目的】通过追溯祖先亲本的遗传贡献分析黑龙江省水稻育成品种的种质构成,为育种组合配置、丰富亲本来源、扩大遗传基础提供参考。【方法】搜集1961~2006年黑龙江育成的191个水稻品种系谱资料,追溯其祖先亲本,计算每个品种祖先亲本的细胞核和细胞质遗传贡献值,并分析其种质地理、籼粳来源及年代演变特点。【结果】黑龙江省近45年育成的191个水稻品种源于232个核祖先亲本,仅有一个品种涉及祖先亲本数最高,为43个平均每个育成品种涉及祖先亲本15.8个。80%以上的育成品种具有少数日本祖先亲本血缘,47%左右的品种具有我国广东地方品种荔枝江的血缘,34%左右的品种具有越南古老品种塔都康的血缘。日本祖先亲本对黑龙江水稻核（质）遗传贡献率为62.00%（92.21%）,中国大陆祖先亲本核（质）遗传贡献率为31.81%（7.14%）。从种质属性方面考虑,粳稻祖先亲本核（质）遗传贡献率为93.055%（98.052%）,籼稻为3.905%（1.948%）野生稻为0.002%（0）。【结论】黑龙江水稻育成品种以种质来源日本血缘占主导地位,在细胞质方面其遗传基础相对比较狭窄,且对粕稻和野生稻资源利用程度很低。
[Objective]The present study was conducted to analyze the germplasm constitution of rice cultivars released in Heilongjiang province by estimating the genetic contribution of ancestor parents of released cultivars in order to provide important necessary information for cross design,enlarging parent sources and genetic base in rice breeding.[Method]Based on the pedigree data of 191 rice cultivars released in Heilongjiang province during 1961-2006,the nuclear and cytoplasmic contribution rates of ancestor parents for each cultivar were calculated and analyzed,as well its germplasm geography and indica-japonica sources,and time-evolution characteristics.[Result]The results showed that 191 cultivars released in Heilongjiang province for 45 years were traced back to 232 nuclear ancestors and the average nuclear ancestors was 15.8 for each cultivar,and the highest nuclear ancestors（43） were only found in one cultivar.More than 80%of released cultivars derived from fewer Japanese ancestors,about 47%derived from Guangdong landrace variety Lizhijiang of China,about 34%derived from Vietnam old variety Tadukang.The contribution rate of nuclear（cytoplasmic） germplasm from Japanese ancestors to Heilongjiang rice cultivars reached 62.00%（92.21%）,while those of nuclear（cytoplasmic）germplasm from Chinese ancestors was 31.81%（7.14%）.Considered on property of germplasm,the released cultivars in Heilongjiang had 93.055%（98.052%） of nuclear（cytoplasmic） germplasm from Japonica,3.905%（1.948%） from indica and 0.002%（0） from wild rice.[Conclusion]The germplasm sources of rice cultivars released in Heilongjiang province predominantly derive from Japanese,and have quite narrow genetic background in cytoplasm and lower effective utilization of indica and wild rice resources.
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第11期1937-1942,共6页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD07B01-04)
黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C2015038)
黑龙江八一农垦大学省作物学重点学科学术骨干科研启动项目(ZWXQDJ-1)
黑龙江省重大科技招标项目(GA14B102)
关键词
黑龙江
水稻
种质构成
地理来源
祖先亲本
遗传贡献
Heilongjiang province
rice
germplasm constitution
geographic source
ancestor parent
genetic con tribution
