摘要
为了解决超细高氯酸铵(AP)粉体因吸湿而产生团聚的问题,用低温等离子体设备对超细AP粉体进行表面改性处理。运用激光粒度分析仪和扫描电镜(SEM)表征了处理前后超细AP粉体的粒度和形貌。用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、拉曼光谱仪、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和化学法分析了处理前超细AP粉体的组成和纯度。用热重和差示扫描量热法研究了处理前后超细AP和相对应的AP/Al体系的热分解性能。测试了处理前后超细AP的撞击感度、摩擦感度和吸湿性。结果表明,经过低温等离子体技术处理后的超细AP粉体团聚现象明显得到改善,颗粒分布集中,吸湿性下降,纯度和结构组成几乎未发生变化。处理后的超细AP粉体较处理前高温分解峰峰温滞后了8.3℃,低温等离子技术对处理后AP/Al体系热性能影响很小。与处理前超细AP粉体相比,撞击感度和摩擦感度分别降低了7.1%和6%。
To solve the aggregation problem of the superfine ammonium perchlorate （AP） powder caused by moisture absorption, the surface modification treatment of the superfine AP powder was performed using a low-temperature plasma equipment. The particle size and morphology of the superfine APs before and after treatment were characterized by a laser granularity analyzer and scanning electron m icroscope（SEM）. The component and purity of the superfine AP before and after treatment were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectrometer, Raman spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer（ XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） and chemical method. The thermal decomposition performances of AP samples before and after treatment and the corresponding AP/AI system were studied by thermogravimetric analysis（TG） and differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）. The impact sensitivities, friction sensitivities and hydroscopicity were measured. Results show that the aggregation phenomenon of superfine AP powder after treatment with low-temperature plasma technology is obviously improved, the particle distribution concentrates, the hydroscopicity decreases, while the component and purity almost do not change. Compared with the superfine AP powder before treatment, its peak temperature of high temperature decomposition increases by 8.3 qc, the impact and friction sensitivities decrease by 7.1% and 6%, respectively.
出处
《含能材料》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第1期79-84,共6页
Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials
关键词
超细高氯酸铵
低温等离子体
分散性
热性能
机械感度
superfine ammonium perchlorate（AP）
low temperature plasma
dispersion
thermal properties
mechanical sensitivity
