摘要
萨耶·塞缪尔试图复兴一种对科学服从常识判断的理性说明。他认为,我们理解世界是通过我们的感官,感官也是我们维系于所予世界的方式;并且,只有承认我们拥有共享周围世界的天性,我们才能够发现我们的本性。常识是连接世界与我的心灵之间的通道。我们的思想,无论怎样抽象,总是建立在我们感觉经验的基础上的。科学在知识和经验之间造成了一种破裂。科学知识是创造性的、建构性的、有意而为之的,这些属性使得科学知识完全不像人们以前所依靠的常识并取代了常识。科学认识变成理性和所有恰当知识范式的象征。在塞缪尔看来,政治应该是每个公民都可以理解和体验的东西,否则,如果只有专家有资格发表观点,那么普通公民就被剥夺了运用判断力的任何机会。我们急需一种所有公民都能参与"什么对于我们是好的"问题讨论的语言。萨耶·塞缪尔想要挑战科学对理性的垄断,恢复常识的尊严并限制科学的应用。
Sajay Samuel proposes to revive an account of reason that can bring science under common judgment. He thinks that it is through our senses that we apprehend the world. The senses are also the way we are tethered to what is given, and we cannot find our nature unless we acknowledge our naturalness, which is shared with the world around us. Common sense is the gateway that ties the world to my mind. What we seem to see is not what is there, but what the mind constructs. Science creates a rupture between knowledge and experience. Scientific knowledge is creative, constructive, and willful. These attributes make it quite unlike the common sense on which people formerly relied. Science displaces common sense. Scientific knowing becomes the epitome of reason and the paradigm of all proper knowledge. What politics should be about, in Sajay Samuel's opinion, is what every citizen can understand and experience. Otherwise, only the expert is entitled to an opinion, and people are deprived of any opportunity to exercise judgment. What we urgently need is a language in which all citizens con discuss the questions of what is good for us. So Sajay Samuel wants to contest science's monopoly of reason. He would like to restore the dignity of common sense and restrict the application of science.
出处
《淮阴师范学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2015年第6期717-724,共8页
Journal of Huaiyin Teachers College(Social Sciences Edition)
基金
2014年度国家社科基金项目(14BZX023)
关键词
科学
垄断
常识
公民
语言
science
monopoly
common sense
citizen
language
