摘要
致密油储层基质孔隙喉道细小,以纳米—微米级孔喉为主,具有储层物性差、非均质性强等特点,导致其渗流机理复杂、开发上提高单井产量难、经济有效开发难。国内外普遍采用水平井体积压裂模式,结合衰竭式开发方式,来实现致密油的有效开发。为了达到产能预测的准确性,针对致密油压裂水平井的3个生产阶段的特性,根据各阶段渗流区内的不同流动介质,基于不同的渗流机理,考虑启动压力梯度、应力敏感效应等因素的影响,分别建立相应的产能方程,最终形成了致密油压裂水平井多区域、多阶段的全周期产能预测模型。通过实例验证,模型的计算值与实际值的吻合度较高,表明本模型可应用于实际油藏中,准确地预测致密油压裂水平井产能,并进行参数敏感性分析,对油藏工程的论证起到一定的指导作用。
In tight oil reservoirs, the pore throat is of nano/micro-scale, the seepage channel is narrow, and the particle size is small. As a result, the physical characteristics of reservoirs is very poor, and the microscale effect is significant. The percolation is strongly affected by the matrix and fracture deformation. Due to complex reservoir characteristics and percolation mechanism, the drainage radius in the matrix is small, there isn＇t natural production capacity, which makes it difficult to effectively develop tight oil reservoir. At present, the long horizontal well drilling technology with volume hydraulic fracturing has been widely used to realize economic and economic development of tight oil. Under this mode, the production process can be divided into three stages： early stage, transition period, and late stage. Accordingly, the flow field of fractured horizontal well is divided into three regions, in which flow medium, seepage mechanism, and factors affecting the productivity are different. To be consistent with the actual production, the productivity equations of three stages were established respectively, and eventually a full cycle productivity prediction model was established considering the whole production process. By applying the model to practical examples, calculated values are basically similar to actual values. The results show that the model can be applied to practical tight oil reservoirs to predict the productivity of fracturing horizontal wells and analyze the effects of some factors on oil production, thus the results of analysis play a guiding role in the development of tight oil reservoirs.
出处
《西南石油大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第1期99-106,共8页
Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition)
基金
国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2013AA064902)
关键词
致密油
压裂水平井
产能
启动压力梯度
压敏效应
tight oil
fractured horizontal well
productivity
threshold pressure gradient
pressure-sensitive effect
