摘要
为查明济南市近地表大气降尘中元素的含量特征及污染来源，评价环境质量，在济南市城区范围内采集400件大气降尘样品。分析结果表明：大气降尘中As、F、M的平均含量分别为9．5×10-6、512×10-6、26．0×10-6，略低于济南市城市土壤背景值；而cd、cr、Hg、Pb、se、Zn、CaO含量均值分别为0．33×10-6、101×10-6、191×10-6、38．O×10-6、0．79×10-6、119．0×10-6、13．31％，明显高于城市土壤背景值。相关分析和主成分分析结果说明，大气降尘中cd、Pb、zn、Se可能来源于燃煤，Cr、M来源于土壤粉尘，CaO、As来源于建筑尘，F主要来源于汽车尾气排放，Hg则受燃煤、冶炼及交通等因素影响。大气降尘中重金属cd、Pb、zn、cr、Ni、As、Hg地累积指数变化范围分别为-2．46～4．53、-1．81～2．75、-2．02～3．48、-2．38～3．48、-2．95。1．96、一3．45～2．58及-3．04～6．87，污染程度排序依次为如〉cd〉zn〉Pb〉cr〉As〉Ni．
In order to investigate the geochemical characteristics of elements and evaluate the pollution condition of heavy metals, the au- thors collected 400 samples of near-surface atmospheric dust in Jinan City. The analyical result shows that the concentrations of As, F, Ni elements from atmospheric dust with average values of 9.5×10-6, 512×10-6, 26.0× 10-6 are lower than their background values of urban soil in Jinan respectively, while Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Se, Zn and CaO concentrations which are 0.33×10-6, 101×10-6, 191×10-9, 38.0× 10-6, 0.79×10-6, 119.0× 10-6 and 13.31% respectively are higher than their corresponding background values. Correlation analysis and principle component analysis（PCA） indicate that Cd, Pb, Zn and Se might be derived from coal combustion, Cr and Ni from soil, Cao and As from construction dust, and F from vehicle emissions; Hg is mainly controlled by anthropogenic sources comprising combustion, industrial steel and traffic activities. The values of geoaccumulation index of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni, As, Hg in atmospheric dust vary in the range of -2.46 ,4.53, - 1.81 , 2.75, -2.02- 3.48, -2.38- 3.48, -2.95 , 1.96, -3.45, 2.58 and -3.04, 6.87, respectively, and the pol- lution level of heavy metals is in order of Hg〉Cd〉Zn〉Pb〉Cr〉As〉Ni.
出处
《物探与化探》
CAS
CSCD
2016年第1期154-159,共6页
Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration
基金
国土资源地质大调查项目(1212010310306)
关键词
近地表大气降尘
地球化学特征
主成分分析
重金属
污染评价
near-surface atmospheric dust
geochemical characteristics
principal component analysis
heavy metals
pollution assessment
