摘要
病毒载量检测是HIV-1感染后需要长期观察的重要指标,在基础研究、早期感染的诊断、药物治疗学研究和流行病学监测方面都有特殊的意义。目前普遍使用的HIV病毒载量检测主要是测定血浆中病毒RNA的量,采用的方法包括荧光定量PCR技术、核酸等温扩增技术以及分支DNA杂交技术等。检测的样本包括血清、分泌物及全血制备的干血斑等多种类型,检测的靶点也会涉及到细胞基因组中整合的病毒DNA的应用。反转录酶法检测技术和其他等温扩增技术等许多技术已用于实验检测,一些交叉学科技术正进行着实验性探索。我国已有HIV-1病毒载量检测实验室140余家,3种经典的检测技术均有涉及。各种技术特点不同,但在病毒载量检测工作中均发挥巨大的作用。
Viral load testing is a pivotal measurement of HIV-1 infections, and is meaningful in fundamental research, diagnosis of acute infection, therapeutic research as well as epidemiological monitoring. Classical HIV viral load testing refers to the measurement of viral RNA by techniques such as real-time PCR, isothermal amplification of nucleic acid, or branched DNA hybrization. Sample candidates cover serum, discharge and dried whole blood spots, and consequently, the testing target expands to pro-viral DNA integrated in the host genome. In addition, more and more techniques, including reverse transcriptase assay and new isothermal amplification, are applied in the testing, and interdisciplinary attempts are still under way. Presently, HIV-1 viral load testing is carried out in more than 140 laboratories in China, among which three cardinal techniques are applied. In spite of the different nature of the techniques, they all play an important role in HIV viral load testing.
出处
《传染病信息》
2015年第6期352-356,共5页
Infectious Disease Information
基金
国家"十二五"科技重大专项(2012ZX10001001-001-002)
