摘要
浒苔(Enteromorpha prolifera)是绿藻门(Chlorophyta)石莼科(Ulvaceae)的一属,因水体富营养化等原因而大量繁殖,危害海洋生态系统,同时富含营养物质和活性物质,具有提高机体免疫、促进动物生长和加快机体营养物质代谢等功能。本研究以超微粉碎技术加工浒苔,以水产经济鱼种花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)为研究对象,分6个浓度梯度(0%,1%,2%,3%,4%,5%),研究浒苔对花鲈生长性能、非特异性免疫及消化酶活性的影响,结果显示:4%组显著降低了花鲈鱼体水分含量及肝指数(HSI),显著提高了鱼体粗蛋白含量(P<0.05);3%组显著提高了花鲈的增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)、胃肠组织中蛋白含量(TP)、肠道中蛋白酶、淀粉酶(AMS)、脂肪酶(LPS)活力以及胃LPS活力(P<0.05),而显著降低了胃组织中AMS和蛋白酶活力(P<0.05),同时3%组显著提高了花鲈肝脏中碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活力以及TP含量,血清中AKP、超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、溶菌酶(LSZ)活力(P<0.05),显著降低了肝脏中谷丙转氨酶(GPT)和谷草转氨酶(GOT)活力(P<0.05)。本研究认为,饲料中添加超微粉碎浒苔能够明显提高花鲈的生长性能、肠道消化酶活力及非特异性免疫力,且最佳添加量为3%。本研究可为其变废为宝,缓解绿潮带来的环境压力,研发新型饲料添加剂,提高水产养殖经济效益提供理论基础。
Enteromorpha prolifera comprise the genus Ulva. Ulvaceae can multiply rapidly under eutrophication, and caused lots of issues in marine ecosystem. However, E. prolifera contains an abundant of nutrients and bioactive substances, which could improve the immunity, promote growth and effect nutrients metabolism, etc. To investigate the effects of E. prolifera on the growth performance, non-specific immunity and digestive enzyme activity, six fundamental diets adding different dosages（0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%） of E. prolifera ultrafine powders were fed to Lateolabrax japonicus. The results showed that in the 4% diet, the content of body moisture, hepatopancrea somatic index（HSI） were lower than other groups and the content of body protein were higher than others（P〈0.05）. In 3% diet, the weight gain rate（WGR）, specific growth rate（SGR）, total protein（TP） in gastrointestinal tissue, the activity of protease, amylase（AMS） and lipase（LPS） at intestinal tract and activity of stomach LPS were significantly improved（P〈0.05）, while the activity of AMS and protease in stomach tissue were significantly decreased（P〈0.05）. Also, 3% diet significantly increased the activity of Alkaline phosphatase（AKP） and TP in the liver, activity of AKP, total Superoxide dismutase（T-SOD）, Lysozyme（LSZ） in the serum, and reduced the activity of Glutamicpyruvic transaminase（GPT）, Glutamic oxalacetic transaminase（GOT） in the liver（P〈0.05）. The results showed that the addition of E. prolifera ultrafine powder in the diets could enhance the growth performance, intestinal digestive enzyme activity and non-specific immunity of L. japonicus, and the optimum adding amount was suggested as 3%. Results of this study were beneficial for commercialization development of E. prolifera and replacement diet of L. japonicus, for a better development and utilization of E. prolifera, promoting the development of new feed additive and economic aquaculture is of great significance.
出处
《海洋与湖沼》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期1494-1501,共8页
Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica
基金
福建省科技计划项目资助
2015N0010号
厦门市科技项目资助
3502Z20143017号
福建省自然科学基金项目资助
2013J01139号
关键词
花鲈
浒苔
生长性能
消化酶
非特异性免疫
Lateolabrax japonicus
Enteromorpha prolifera
growth performance
digestive enzyme activity
non-specific immunity
