摘要
葡萄球菌的传播与感染是重要的公共卫生问题。近年来,环境在人群中传播葡萄球菌的作用得以证实。公共场所人口聚集为人群中传播葡萄球菌提供了便利条件。为此,本文总结了国内外公共场所葡萄球菌的污染率、SCCmec分型特点、耐药谱以及菌株的同源性。研究结果表明,公交车、火车、地铁、度假海滩、自动取款机、学校和公园等公共场所已有不同程度葡萄球菌污染现象。其对抗生素的耐药不容忽视,尤其是对青霉素耐药严重。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的来源为社区和医院并存。而PFGE聚类分析显示存在环境与人之间交叉传播MRSA菌株的风险。今后有必要加强对葡萄球菌尤其是MRSA的日常监测和消毒,以预防和控制葡萄球菌的传播。
The transmission and infection of Staphylococci are significant public health issues. Recently,the role of environment in Staphylococci transmission among people has been confirmed,and the crowding of public places has facilitated the spread of Staphylococci among population. Thus,the study summarized the contamination level,characteristics of SCCmec types,antibiotics resistance patterns and homology analysis of Staphylococci in public areas at home and abroad. Many studies confirmed that buses,trains,subways,recreational beaches,automatic teller machines,campuses and parks are reservoirs of Staphylococci. The resistance to antibiotics is alarming,especially for penicillin. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus（ MRSA） isolates are from both communities and hospitals. Cluster analyses of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis（ PFGE） suggested the risks of environment-human cross transmission. Daily surveillance and disinfection of Staphylococci,especially MRSA,are necessary in the future for the prevention and control of the spread of Staphylococci.
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第2期129-132,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
广东省科技计划项目(2014A020213013)
关键词
公共场所
葡萄球菌
研究进展
public places
Staphylococci
research progress
