摘要
目的了解喀什地区活禽市场及职业暴露人群禽流感感染状况,探索喀什地区人感染禽流感的危险因素,为喀什地区制定高致病性禽流感疫情防控措施提供科学依据。方法对267名职业暴露者进行问卷调查;应用read-Time PCR方法监测环境标本中H5N1、H7N9、H9N2禽流感病毒,应用马血球血凝抑制试验检测人血清样品中H5N1、H7N9禽流感病毒抗体。结果 2011—2014年共采集1 055份环境标本,阳性率为3.22%;采集职业暴露人群血清标本405份,未检测出H5N1、H7N9抗体阳性标本;问卷调查禽类从业人员共267人,人禽流感传染源、传播途径及临床症状的知晓率分别为46.82%、29.59%和68.16%,接触禽类或污染器物后,有洗手习惯、戴口罩、换工作服和定期消毒生产器具的分别为36.33%、29.96%、30.34%和49.44%。结论该地区活禽市场环境禽流感污染情况长期存在,加之职业暴露人群的禽流感知识知晓率低、个人防护更缺乏,因此引起人禽流感的危险性很高。
[Objective]To understand the live poultry market environment and avian influenza infection status of occupational exposure population in Kashi Area, to explore the risk factors of human infection with avian influenza, and provide a scientific basis for developing the prevention and control measures against the highly pathogenic avian influenza in Kashi Area.[Methods]The questionnaire survey was performed among 267 occupational exposure workers. The real-time PCR was used to monitor the avian influenza virus of H5N1, H7N9 and H9N2 in environmental samples. The antibodies against H5N1 and H7N9 in human serum samples were detected by the horse blood coagulation inhibition test. [Results]There were a total of 1 055 environmental samples during 2011-2014, and the positive rate was 3.22%.405 serum samples were collected from occupational exposure workers, and no antibodies against H5N1 and H7N9 were detected. Totally 267 occupational exposure workers received the questionnaire survey. The awareness rate of infection source, transmission route and clinical symptoms of human infection with avian influenza was 46.82%, 29.59% and 68.16%, respectively. After exposure to poultry or polluted implements, the workers who had the habits of washing hands, wearing the mask, changing the work clothes and regular disinfection of production equipment accounted for 36.33%, 29.96%, 30.34% and 49.44%, respectively. [Conclusion]The contamination from avian influenza virus has been found in the live poultry market environment in Kashi Area, moreover, the awareness rate of knowledge about avian influenza among occupational exposure population is low, and the personal protection measures are insufficient. It suggested that there is a risk of human infection with avian influenza.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2016年第1期121-123,共3页
Occupation and Health
基金
2011年喀什地区科技局自然科学项目(2011)
关键词
禽流感
外环境
职业暴露
血清学
监测
Avian influenza
External environment
Occupational exposure
Serology
Monitoring
