摘要
目的比较儿童流感病毒A型（IVA）、B型（IVB）致下呼吸道感染（LRTI）的流行特点及临床特征。方法回顾性分析2010-2014年收住在温州医科大学附属育英儿童医院的366例流感病毒（IV）阳性的LRTI患儿的临床资料,其中IVA阳性272例,IVB阳性94例。结果 IV多在每年12月至次年3月流行,以IVA为主,且IVA隔年7月或9月有小流行,IVB呈隔年12月至次年3月流行。单纯IVA致LRTI患儿白细胞计数、白细胞升高比例、血钠异常比例、血钾异常比例高于单纯IVB致LRTI患儿（P〈0.05）,但两组患儿在年龄、性别、基础疾病、临床表现、合并细菌及非典型病原体感染率方面差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。IVB合并呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）感染率高于IVA（P〈0.01）。结论 IVA每年冬春季节流行,隔年夏季有小流行;IVB呈隔年冬春季节流行。IVA引起白细胞升高、电解质紊乱较IVB多见,IVB感染患儿更易合并RSV感染,但两种病毒所致LRTI患儿临床表现相似。
Objective To compare the epidemiological and clinical features of lower respiratory tract infection（LRTI） caused by influenza virus A（IVA） and influenza virus B（IVB） in children. Methods The clinical data of 366 children with LRTI caused by influenza virus（IV）, who were hospitalized in Yuying Children＇s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between 2010 and 2014, were analyzed retrospectively, and there were 272 cases caused by IVA and 94 cases caused by IVB. Results IV was mainly prevalent from December to March of the next year, with the predominance of IVA. There were small peaks of IVA prevalence in July or September every other year, and IVB was prevalent from December to March of the next year every other year. The children with LRTI caused by IVA alone had a significantly higher white blood cell（WBC） count and significantly higher percentages of children with increased WBC, abnormal serum sodium, and abnormal serum potassium than those caused by IVB alone（P〈0.05）. However, there were no significant differences in age, sex, underlying diseases, clinical manifestations, and co-infection rate with bacteria or atypical pathogens between the two groups（P〉0.05）. The rate of co-infection with respiratory syncytial virus（RSV） was significantly higher in the IVB group than in the IVA group（P〈0.01）. Conclusions IVA is prevalent in winter and spring every year and has small peaks in summer every other year, while IVB is prevalent in winter and spring every other year. Compared with IVB, IVA causes more cases of increased WBC and electrolyte disturbance. The children infected with IVB are more likely to be co-infected with RSV. The children with LRTI caused by IVA and IVB have similar clinical manifestations.
出处
《中国当代儿科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第2期117-122,共6页
Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
基金
浙江省科技厅项目(2015C37026)
