摘要
目的 分析2010~2014年许昌市15岁以下儿童乙肝疫情和监测资料,了解发病特征和监测现状,为有效控制乙肝提供科学依据。方法 利用流行病学方法对2010~2014年许昌市15岁以下儿童乙肝疫情和监测资料进行统计分析。结果 2010~2014年许昌市累计报告15岁以下乙肝188例,年均发病率为4.53/10万。各年乙肝发病率呈下降趋势（P〈0.01）,各县区间年均报告发病率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,各年龄组发病率均呈下降趋势（P〈0.01）。15岁以下乙肝病例个案调查率逐年升高（65.79%~100.00%）;病例诊断报告主要在县级及以上医疗卫生单位（87.42%）;监测病例中32.08%符合疑似急性乙肝病例诊断标准;有家庭接触情况报告的病例中,48.70%家中有乙肝病人或乙肝病毒携带者,且75.00%与患者关系为母子（女）关系。2010~2014年乙肝疫苗全程接种率均在95%以上,首针及时接种率均在92%以上;30.19%的病例中接种过乙肝疫苗,发病时间与末次疫苗接种间隔在3~5年者占22.92%,5年以上者占77.08%。结论 许昌市2010~2014年15岁以下儿童乙肝控制效果显著。
Objective To analyze the epidemic and surveillance data on hepatitis B among children under 15 years old in Xuchang city from 2010 to 2014,understand the characteristics of incidence and monitoring status, so as to provide scien- tific basis for effective control of hepatitis B. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the hepatitis B ep- idemic and monitoring data among children under 15 years old in Xuchang city from 2010 to 2014 understand the charac- teristics of incidence and monitoring status,so as to provide scientific basis for effective control of hepatitis B. Results A total of 188 cases of hepatitis B under 15 years old were reported in Xuchang city from 2010 to 2014. The average mor- bidity of hepatitis B was 4.53/10a. The morbidity of hepatitis B decreased（ P 〈0.01）. The average annual reported mor- bidity in counties was statistically significant（ P 〈0.01）. The morbidity decreased significantly in each age group（ P 〈0. 01 ）. The survey rate of hepatitis B cases increased year by year among children under 15 years old （65.79 % 100.00 % ）. 87.42% cases were reported mainly at above county level medical and health units, a2.08% cases were monitored stand- ard cases of suspected diagnosis of acute hepatitis B. 48.70% cases of home contact had hepatitis B patients or carriers of hepatitis B virus. 75.00% cases were mother son/daughter relationship. The hepatitis B vaccination rate was above 95 %, and the first dose inoculation rate was above 92% from 2010 to 2014.30.190% of the surveyed cases were vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine. The time of onset and the last vaccination interval were 22.92% in 3-5 years, more than 5 years of on- set and the last vaccination interval were 77.08% cases. Conclusion The control effect of hepatitis B is significant a- mong children under 15 years old in Xuchang city from 2010 to 2014.
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2016年第1期12-14,19,共4页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
关键词
儿童
乙型肝炎
流行特征
Children
Hepatitis B
Epidemiological characteristics
