摘要
目的了解青海省尘肺病的分布现状和发病规律,探索青海省尘肺病防控的关键控制点,为相关部门制定尘肺病防制对策提供参考依据。方法以425例青海省尘肺病诊断组诊断并在中国疾病预防控制信息系统报告的尘肺病患者为调查对象,采用描述性和推断性统计学分析方法对诊断患者的三间分布等特征进行分析。结果人群分布:425例新诊断尘肺病例,男性418例(98.4%),女性7例(1.6%);平均诊断年龄为(43.5±10.1)岁,平均接尘工龄为(11.0±11.5)a。地区分布:海东、西宁、海西和海北地区尘肺诊断患者所占比例分别为54.8%、33.9%、8.7%和2.6%;农民工患者在海东地区所占比例为91.9%。行业分布:有色金属及冶金、煤炭、电力和其他行业尘肺病诊断患者所占比例分别为60.2%、11.8%、10.4%和17.7%,不同行业间尘肺病患者构成比差异有统计学意义(χ2总=649.91,P<0.05)。工种分布:从事凿岩及爆破、采煤、冶炼浇铸和其他工种的尘肺病诊断患者所占比例分别为51.8%、7.1%、6.4%和34.7%,不同工种间尘肺病患者构成比差异有统计学意义(χ2总=383.22,P<0.05);病种分布:矽肺、煤工尘肺和其他尘肺病所占比例分别为72.9%、12.7%和14.4%。结论 425例新诊断尘肺病例中矽肺为主要尘肺病种;尘肺病例主要分布于海东和西宁地区,有色金属、煤炭和电力为该省尘肺病集中行业。
Objective To understand the distribution and occurrence of pneumoconiosis, and explore the critical control point of prevention and control of pneumoconiosis in Qinghai Province, in order to provide evidence for the government to make and improve pneumoconiosis control measures. Methods 425 cases newly diagnosed as pneumoconiosis in Qinghai Province and reported in China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention were analyzed on the epidemiological characteristics such as the distribution in populations, places and time with the method of descriptive and inference statistics. Results Population distribution： There were 418 male patients （98.4%） and 7 females （1.6%） ; the average diagnostic age was （43.54-10.1） ~ and the average exposure working years was （11.0~11.5）. Regional distribution： The cases were mainly distributed in Haidong, Xi＇ ning, Haixi and Haibei areas, the proportion of these four areas were accounted for 54.8%, 33.9%, 8.7% and 2.6% respectively. The percent of migrant workers in Haidong area was 91.9 %. Industrial distribution.. The most cases were distributed in non--ferrous metal and metallurgy, coal, electrical power and other industries, which accounted for 60.2%, 11.8%, 10.4% and 17.7 %. There was statistically significant different （X2 = 649.91, P ~0.05） in different types of industrial. Types of work： The main types of job in which the pneumoconiosis was diagnosed were the drilling and the blasting work, coal digger, smelting, casting and others, the proportion respectively were 51.8%, 7.1%, 6.4 % and 34.7 %. There were significant different（X2 = 383.22,P〈0.05）in different type of work. Disease category： the proportion of silicosis, coal--worker＇s pneumoconiosis and others were 72.9%, 12.7% and 14.4 % respectively. Conclusions Silicosis was the primary type disease in the 425 newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases. Pneumoconiosis were mainly distribute in Haidong area and Xi＇ning area, moreover non- ferrous metal, coal and electrical power were the concentration industries in pneumoconiosis.
出处
《工业卫生与职业病》
CAS
2016年第2期116-120,共5页
Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases
关键词
尘肺病
流行特征
分析
Pneumoconiosis disease
Epidemiological characteristics
Analysis
