摘要
烟草花叶病毒(Tobacco mosaic virus,TMV)是一种具有寄主范围广、抗逆性强、在农业生产上造成危害大和难以防治等特点的植物病毒.从真菌中筛选并获得具有抑制TMV的活性物质是当前研究热点.本文综述了国内外关于真菌中活性物质抑制TMV的研究进展,内容包括3个方面:具有抑制TMV活性物质的真菌种类,主要为侧耳、白蘑、红菇等科中的真菌;具有抑制TMV作用的活性物质成分,主要为真菌多糖和蛋白质;抑制TMV的作用机理,主要包括通过钝化病毒和封闭侵染位点抑制病毒的侵染,干扰病毒蛋白质合成和病毒离子装配抑制病毒增殖或扩散,提高防御酶活性和激活抗性相关基因表达从而诱导植物产生抗性.此外对真菌提取物抗TMV田间应用缓慢的原因进行了讨论.随着对真菌中抗TMV的作用物质及其结构、理化性质、表达基因及抗病毒机制的研究深入,人们对环境与安全问题的日益重视以及化学农药的使用限制,真菌源抗TMV物质具有广阔的开发前景.
Tobacco mosaic virus（TMV） is a kind of plant virus with a wide host range and strong stress resistance,greatly harmful to agricultural production and difficult to control.Screening anti-TMV substances from fungi has become a research hot spot.This paper reviews the recent research advancement on fungal extracts inhibiting TMV.It includes three major parts：the fungal species with anti-TMV activity,mainly in Pleurotaceae,Tricholomataceae,Russulaceae;the active antivirus substances from fungal mainly with polysaccharide and protein;the inhibition mechanisms of fungal extracts against TMV,including the inhibition of virus infection by inactivating virus and closing infection site,the inhibition of virus proliferation or diffusion by interfering virus protein synthesis and particles assembly,and the induction of resistance by increasing defense enzyme activity and activating resistance related gene expression.The reasons for the slow application in the field are also discussed.With more thorough studying on the TMV-inhibiting substances and their structures,physical and chemical properties,expressed genes and anti-virus mechanisms,finding anti-TMV substances from fungi has an ever broad development prospects,especially when people are more and more cautious about the environmental safety and more and more refrained from using chemical pesticidesects.
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第1期167-172,共6页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
中国烟草总公司四川省公司重点科技项目(SCYC201504)资助~~
关键词
真菌提取物
烟草花叶病毒
活性物质
抑制机理
真菌源
fungal extract
TMV
active an tivirus substances
inhibition mechanism
furgal resource
