摘要
为西藏大型真菌资源的保护与合理开发利用提供依据,于2009年至2014年,采用样地法和随机踏查方法对色季拉山不同海拔各种林型下的外生菌根菌资源进行调查,并对其进行鉴定、整理。结果表明:该区域已知外生菌根菌247种,分别隶属于9目22科37属;科、属、种数分别约占国内已知外生菌根菌的44.9%、27.8%和41.1%。优势科(≥10种)有5科,分别为红菇科(Russulaceae)、丝膜菌科(Cortinariaceae)、牛肝菌科(Boletaceae)、鹅膏菌科(Amanitaceae)和口蘑科(Tricholomataceae);优势属(≥5种)有12属,分别为红菇属(Russula)、丝膜菌属(Cortinarius)、鹅膏菌属(Amanita)、乳菇属(Lactarius)、牛肝菌属(Boletus)、粘盖牛肝菌属(Suillus)、蜡伞属(Hygrophorus)、口蘑属(Tricholoma)、丝盖伞属(Inocybe)、绒盖牛肝菌属(Xerocomus)、疣柄牛肝菌属(Leccinum)和鸡油菌属(Cantharellus)。主要分布于海拔2 400-3 900m的山地硬叶常绿阔叶林和亚高山暗针叶林内,其中食用菌171种、药用菌70种和毒菌64种。
To provide an evidence for the protection and rational development and utilization of macrofungi resources of Xizang,the authors collected the ectomycorrhizal fungi by sample plot method and random survey in different altitudes and forest types from 2009 to 2014.Results:There were 247 species of ectomycorrhizal fungi in Shergyla belonging to 9 orders,22 families and 37 genera respectively.Comprising approximately 44.9% of total families,27.8% of total genera and 41.1% of total species reported in China.Of them,the dominant families(≥10species)were Russulaceae,Cortinariaceae,Boletaceae,Amanitaceae and Tricholomataceae.The dominant genera(≥5 species)were Russula,Cortinarius,Amanita,Lactarius,Boletus,Suillus,Hygrophorus,Tricholoma,Inocybe,Xerocomus,Leccinumand Cantharellus.Most of them occured in Quercus and Abies forests at an altitude of 2400mto3900 m.According to the economic value,the 171 taxa are edible,and 64 poisonous,while 70 medicinal.
出处
《贵州农业科学》
CAS
2016年第2期162-165,共4页
Guizhou Agricultural Sciences
基金
科技部、国家林业局项目“西藏林芝森林生态系统定位研究”(2012-LYPT-DW-016)
西藏大学农牧学院研究生创新计划资助项目“西藏色季拉山ECM真菌物种丰富度与垂直分布格局研究”(YJS2015-07)
关键词
外生菌根菌
物种多样性
生境
经济价值
色季拉山
西藏
ectomycorrhizal fungi
species diversity
habitat
economic value
Shergyla mountain
Xizang