摘要
为了寻找烟草黑胫病生物防治的有效途径,采用平板涂布法从健康烟株根际土壤中分离筛选出1株对烟草黑胫病菌（Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae）具有较强拮抗作用的青霉菌株（QMYCS-2）,根据其形态学特征和ITS-r DNA序列分析,鉴定为马德里青霉菌（Penicillium madriti）。QMYCS-2菌株与黑胫病菌对峙培养抑菌结果表明,该菌株对烟草黑胫病菌的生长具有良好的抑制作用,抑制率达到71.76%。选取5种真菌培养液培养QMYCS-2菌株,获得不同的发酵滤液,测定其对烟草黑胫病菌的抑制作用,结果发现马铃薯葡萄糖液体培养基效果最好。比较QMYCS-2菌株发酵滤液与青霉素对黑胫病菌生长的抑制效果发现,二者抑菌效果差异很大,前者抑制率为64.89%~100.00%,后者最高为7.33%。温室测试QMYCS-2菌株发酵滤液对烟草黑胫病的防治效果（防效）达到73.25%,与常规药剂对照甲霜灵锰锌的防效（71.50%）相近。
In order to obtain an effective antagonistic microorganism against tobacco black shank（Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae）, a Penicillium stain QMYCS-2 was isolated by the spread plate method from rhizosphere soil of healthy tobacco plants. This strain was identified to be Penicillium madriti based on its morphological characteristics and ITS-r DNA sequence analysis. The results of confronting culture between QMYCS-2 and P. parasitica var. nicotianae showed that： 1） The inhibition rate of QMYCS-2 against the growth of P. parasitica var. nicotianae reached 71.76%. QMYCS-2 was cultured in five mediums for the fungi of plant pathogen, the inhibition effects of the obtained fermentation filtrate on P. parasitica var. nicotianae were determined. The result indicated that potato glucose liquid medium was the best culture medium. 2） The inhibition effects of QMYCS-2 fermentation filtrate and penicillin on the growth of P. nicotianae var. nicotianae were compared, the inhibition rate of the former was 64.89%-100.00%, while the highest of the latter was7.33%. The control efficiency of QMYCS-2 fermentation filtrate against tobacco black shank in greenhouse was73.25%, which was close to that of metalaxyl mancozeb（71.50%）, a conventional fungicide used to control black shank in tobacco production.
出处
《烟草科技》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第2期14-20,共7页
Tobacco Science & Technology
基金
广西中烟工业有限责任公司资助项目"单株立体覆膜技术提高烤烟上部烟叶工业可用性研究"(1212014038)
关键词
烟草黑胫病
拮抗菌
青霉菌
生物防治
Tobacco black shank
Antagonistic bacterium
Penicillium
Biological control
