摘要
为揭示土壤理化性质的空间变异特征及其与植物数量特征、物种多样性的关系,运用相关性分析和回归分析等方法对塔里木河中游荒漠河岸林不同生境土壤理化性质的空间变异规律及其与植物数量特征和物种多样性进行了分析。结果表明:(1)不同生境土壤理化性质有明显的差异,表现为:土壤含水量、容重在河岸地带大于过渡地带和荒漠地带,持水量、孔隙度、全盐、pH值则随着垂直于河岸距离的增加而增加,有机质、全磷、全钾的最大值则出现在水热资源组合较好的过渡地带,生境内部不同土层理化因子变化呈现不同的规律;(2)随着距离河岸增加,乔木、灌木、草本的频度、盖度、密度存在不同程度退化,物种多样性指数也明显降低;(3)植物数量特征、物种多样性指数与土壤理化因子存在一定的相关性,全盐量、容重、土壤含水量、pH、全氮、全磷与植物的数量特征指标和物种多样性指数的关系最为密切;(4)经回归分析,表明土壤含水量是影响干旱地区植物生长的首要因子,而土壤养分也是影响植物生长的主要因素,且有机质、全磷、全钾与植物生长状况呈负相关。土壤理化性质的空间变异不仅促使区域植物数量特征发生明显变化,而且也影响群落的演替,同时,植物的空间分布特征对土壤理化性质有明显改良作用,通过二者关系的研究为塔里木河中游荒漠河岸林的恢复和土地沙化的治理提供理论支撑。
In order to understand the spatial variability of soil physical and chemical properties and the relationship between soil physicochemical properties and plant quantitative, species diversity. We used the methods of correlation and regression analysis to examine the relationship between soil physicochemical properties and plant quantitative, species diversity. The results showed that： （1） the physical and chemical properties of soil had significant variations in different habitats, soil water content and bulk density in riparian area were higher than transition and desert area, the levels of water-holding capacity, porosity, total salt, pH were become higher as the distance increased from the river bank, and the maximum levels of organic matter, total phosphorus, total potassium were observed in transition place where the water and sunshine had the good combination, the physical and chemical properties had different patterns in the layers of soil in interior habitat; （2） the frequency, coverage, densiteis of tree, shrub, herbal had degradated to various extents, and the species diversity indexes presented the decrease trend; （3） with the analysis of these two factors, the quantitative characteristics indicators of plant and the species in this area had a certain correlation with soil physical and chemical proterties, total salt, bulk density, water content, pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus were most close to quantitative characteristics and species diversity index; （4） through regression analysis, it showed that the soil water content was the first factor affecting plant growth in this region, the soil nutrient was the main factor, at the same time, organic matter, total phosphorus and total potassium were negatively correlated with plant growth condition. These results suggested that soil physicochemical property changes not only led to the plant change, but also affected plant succession processes, meanwhile, the plants had the significant function for improvement of soil physicochemical properties. Studying the relationship between soil physicochemical properties and vegetation, will provide the theoretical references for the environment recovery and controling the processs of land desertification in the middle reaches of Tarim River.
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第2期6-12,共7页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
973计划前期研究专项资助项目(2012CB723204)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(31360109)
兵团博士资金资助项目(2008JC15)
关键词
荒漠河岸林
土壤理化性质
植被生长状况
相关分析
塔里木河中游
desert riparian forest
soil physicochemical properties
the growth condition of vegetation
correla-tion analysis
middle reaches of Tarim River
