摘要
目的：了解失独者应对状况的分类特点,并探讨各类别在年龄、性别、养老保险等人口学变量上的分布差异。方法：采用分层整群抽样177例失独者,其中男66例,女111例,包含43对夫妻,年龄在（49~83）岁之间,用简易应对方式问卷评估应对状况,进一步进行潜在类别分析并对不同类别在性别、年龄、养老保险等人口学变量上的分布差异进行检验。结果：失独者的应对状况可以分为＂寻求支持型应对＂（52.9%）、＂自我调节型应对＂（6.2%）、＂缺乏应对＂（40.9%）三个潜在类别。不同类别的失独者在性别、年龄、婚姻状况、受教育程度上的分布差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。与缺乏应对组相比,良好应对组（＂寻求支持型应对＂和＂自我调节型应对＂）中有养老保险者所占比例较高（79.2%vs.63.4%,P〈0.05）;更多的失独者主要收入来源于自己劳动或退休金（90.6%vs.76.1%,P〈0.01）;医保为新农合者所占比例较低（6.6%vs.22.5%,P〈0.01）。结论：失独者的应对状况可以分为寻求支持型应对,自我调节型应对,缺乏应对三类;不同类别的失独者在部分人口学变量的分布上存在差异,应当根据影响应对的相关因素制定针对性干预措施以提高失独者的应对状况。
Objective： To investigate the classification features of coping condition of bereaved parents with an only child and the distribution difference of different types on demographic variables such as gender,age,pension insurance and so on. Methods： By stratified cluster sampling,177 loss-of-only-child parents w ere selected,w ith 66 male and 111 female（ 43 couples included）,ages from forty-nine to eighty-three years old. Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire w as administered to them,and then an exploratory latent class analysis and difference test of different types on demographic variables w ere conducted based on the coping condition. Results： The coping condition of loss-of-only-child parents w as classified into three types including support-seeking orientation coping（ 52. 9%）,self-regulation orientation coping（ 6. 2%） and lack of coping（ 40. 9%）. There w as no statistical difference in distribution of different types on gender, age, marital status and education level（ P〈0. 05）. Compared w ith group of＂lack of coping＂,the proportion of loss-of-only-child parents having pension insurance in group of ＂ good coping ＂ w hich contained support-seeking orientation coping and self-regulation orientation coping w as higher（ 79. 2%vs. 63. 4%,P〈0. 05）. There w ere more parents w hose income mainly came from pension or w ork（ 90. 6%vs. 76. 1%,P〈0. 01）,and the proportion of parents w hose type of medical insurance w as national rural cooperative medical insurance w as low er（ 6. 6% vs. 22. 5%,P〉0. 01）. Conclusion： The coping situation of loss-of-only-child parents can be classified into three different types. Different distribution of some demographic variables exists in these parents,so targeted intervention measure should be taken to improve their coping condition according to corresponding influence factors.
出处
《中国心理卫生杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第3期202-207,共6页
Chinese Mental Health Journal
基金
国家社会科学基金项目("失独者"心理健康状况及心理弹性作用机制研究
项目编号:14BSH137)
关键词
失独者
应对
潜在类别分析
loss-of-only-child parents
coping
latent class analysis
