摘要
为探索沂河流域土壤侵蚀的强度和规律,利用Arc GIS的空间分析与统计分析功能,从高程、坡度、土壤类型、土地利用4个方面,对沂河流域土壤侵蚀的空间分布特征进行研究。结果表明：（1）流域土壤侵蚀总体以中度侵蚀为主,存在较为明显的区域差异;（2）侵蚀主要发生在600 m以下区域,其中高程位于200-400 m之间的区域侵蚀面积最大;（3）5°以下以及8°-15°坡度级土壤侵蚀面积较大,土壤侵蚀随坡度的增加总体都呈现出先增强后减弱的趋势;（4）土壤总面积越大,侵蚀面积也越大。石质土、粗骨土的土壤侵蚀率较高,潮土和砂姜黑土的土壤侵蚀率较低;（5）耕地、草地和林地侵蚀面积最大,林地、草地、未利用地土壤侵蚀率较大,水域土壤侵蚀率最小。
The paper aims to explore the soil erosion intensity and regularity in Yihe basin. Based on spatialand statistical analysis of Arc GIS, the spatial distribution characteristics of soil erosion in Yihe basin werestudied from 4 aspects of elevation, slope, soil type distribution and land use situation. The results indicatedthat：（1） moderate erosion was the primary erosion type, and there were obviously regional differences in thisbasin;（2） erosion occurred mainly below 600 m, wherein the eroded area was located most in the regionbetween 200-400 m;（3） area of soil erosion was large when the slope was under 5° and between 8°-15°, thestrength of soil erosion was first enhanced and then weakened with the increase of the slope;（4） the greater thetotal soil area was, the greater the erosion area was; the rate of soil erosion in rocky soil and skeletal soil washigh, and the rate in damp soil and lime concretion black soil was relatively low;（5） the area of soil erosion waslarge in arable land, woodland and grassland, the rate of soil erosion in grassland and unused land was large,the rate of soil erosion in water area was the minimum.
出处
《中国农学通报》
2016年第8期117-121,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"沂河流域土地覆被变化和蓄水工程水文效应的分析与模拟"(41101079)
关键词
沂河流域
土壤侵蚀
分布特征
Yihe basin
soil erosion
distribution characteristics
