摘要
目的评估甘肃省6个生态类型区孕妇碘营养状况，为重点人群科学补碘提供理论依据。方法将甘肃省划分为荒漠区、河西走廊戈壁区、黄土高原丘陵区、秦岭中山峡谷区、甘南高原草原草甸区、黄土高原沟壑区6个生态类型区，2014年在每个生态类型区采集孕妇尿样、居民户盐样、水样和土样进行含碘量测定，同时开展居民食盐摄入量调查。尿碘、水碘检测采用砷铈催化分光光度测定法（WS／T107．2006）；土壤碘检测采用放大比色法；盐碘检测采用直接滴定法，川盐及其他强化食用盐检测采用仲裁法（GB／T13025．7—2012）；食盐摄入量采用313称量法进行测算。结果6个生态类型区共采集1529份孕妇尿样，尿碘中位数范围为131．0—178．8μg/L，除黄土高原沟壑区孕妇尿碘中位数（178．8μg／L）达到了世界卫生组织推荐标准（〉150μg／L）外，其余5个生态区孕妇尿碘均未达标（甘南高原草原草甸区：131．0IXg／L；荒漠区：133．1μg／L；秦岭中山峡谷区：139．5IXg／L；黄土高原丘陵区：141．2μg／L；河西走廊戈壁区：147．9μg／L）。共采集水样1513份，水碘总体中位数为3．25μg／L，除荒漠区（42．37μg／L）和黄土高原沟壑区（30．00μg／L）水碘〉20μg／L外，其余4个生态区水碘中位数（河西走廊戈壁区：1．12μg／L；甘南高原草原草甸区：2．00μg／L；黄土高原丘陵区：2．33μg／L；秦岭中山峡谷区：2．86μg／L）均〈5μg／L。共采集土壤样本155份，6个生态类型区土壤碘比较，差异有统计学意义（x2=62．78，P〈0．05），土壤碘总体中位数为12．70μg/100g，荒漠区最低，为7．80斗g／100g，甘南高原草原草甸区最高，为21．79μg／100g。共采集盐样9008份，6个生态类型区合格碘盐食用率均〉90％。13人均摄盐量范围为4．5～12．6g，黄土高原沟壑区最高，为12．6g，甘南高原草原草甸区最低，为4．5g。结论除黄土高原沟壑区外其他5个生态区孕妇均存在碘营养不足的问题，现行碘盐含量不能很好满足孕妇的碘营养需求。
Objective To assess iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in six ecological regions of Gansu Province, and to provide a scientific basis for iodine supplementation of target people. Methods Gansu Province was divided into six ecological regions： the desert region, the Gobi Region of Hexi Corridor, the hilly region of Loess Plateau, the Zhongshan Valley of Qingling Mountains, the grassland meadow area of Gannan Plateau and the Gully region of the Loess Plateau. Urine samples of pregnant women, salt samples of residents, water samples and soil samples were collected to determine iodine content in each ecological region, at the same time, salt intake of residents was surveyed in 2014. The urinary iodine and water iodine levels were measured with the method for determination of iodine in urine by As3 ^-Ce4 ~ catalytic spectrophotometry （WS/T 107-2006）. The soil iodine detection was used the amplifide calorimetric method. The direct titration method among the generic methods of iodide testing for salt production industry （GB/T 13025.7-2012） was used to determine the salt iodine level, and the arbitration method was adopted for quantitative determination in case of Sichuan salt or other special salts and the salt intake was estimated based on three-day weighed food record. Results Totally 1 529 urine samples of pregnant women were collected and the median of urine iodine range was within 131.0 - 178.8 μg/L. In addition to the pregnant women of the Gully region of the Loess Plateau （178.8μg/L）, the medians of urinary iodine of the rest five ecological regions （the grassland meadow area of Gannan Plateau： 131.0 μg/L; the desert region： 133.1μg/L; the Zhongshan Valley of Qingling Mountains： 139.5 μg/L; the hilly region of Loess Plateau： 141.2 μg/L; the Gobi Region of Hexi Corridor： 147.9 μg/L） were not reached the standard of World Health Organization （ 〉 150 ~g/L）. The median of water iodine of 1 513 water samples was 3.25 μg/L. The water iodine medians of the rest 4 ecological regions （the Gobi Region of Hexi Corridor： 1.12μg/L; the grassland meadow area of Gannan Plateau： 2.00 μg/L; the hilly region of Loess Plateau： 2.33 ~g/L; the Zhongshan Valley of Qingling Mountains： 2.86 μg/L） were all less than 5 μg/L except the desert region （42.37 I.tg/L） and the Gully region of the Loess Plateau （30.00 Ng/L） of which the medians of water iodine were more than 20 μg/L. Totally 155 soil samples were collected and there was a statistically significant difference （X2 = 62.78, P 〈 0.05） between the six regions. The median of soil iodine was 12.70 μg/100 g in Gansu Province, in which the desert region was the lowest with 7.80μg/100 g and the grassland meadow area of Gannan Plateau was the highest with 21.79 μg/100 g. About 9 008 salt samples were collected, and the rates of qualified iodized salt intake in the six ecological regions were all above 90%. The daily salt intake per person of Gansu Province ranged from 4.5 to 12.6 g, in which the Gully region of the Loess Plateau was the highest with 12.6 g and the grassland meadow area of Gannan Plateau was the lowest with 4.5 g. Conclusion Except the Gully region of the Loess Plateau, other five ecological regions have the problem of iodine deficiency and the current iodized salt concentration does not meet the need of iodine nutrition of pregnant women.
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第3期200-204,共5页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
基金
甘肃省卫生行业科研计划项目（GSWST2012-08）
关键词
孕妇
碘营养
水碘
土壤
Pregnant women
Iodine nutrition
Water iodine
Soil
