摘要
目的明确某原油长输管道工程投产运行后产生的职业危害因素,并对该项目进行效果评价。方法 2013年采用职业卫生现场调查、职业危害因素检测和检查表法等进行综合分析和评价。结果该项目在正常运行过程中存在的主要职业危害因素有低碳烃类化合物、一氧化碳、一氧化氮、二氧化氮、硫化氢、氨、溶剂汽油、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、噪声和工频电场等。维修过程中存在的职业危害因素有电焊烟尘、砂轮磨尘、锰及其化合物、一氧化碳、一氧化氮、二氧化氮、臭氧、噪声、紫外辐射等。检测：维检修过程中电焊操作位锰及其化合物短时间接触浓度和时间加权平均浓度超标;噪声40 h等效声级为64.0~87.9 d B（A）。维抢修队维修车间电焊烟尘为4.9 mg/m3,工频电场为8.31~1 401 V/m,均符合国家职业接触限值的要求。砂轮磨尘为16.3 mg/m3,超标。结论该工程职业危害控制效果基本符合要求,但要加强维检修作业员工的个体防护。
[Objective] To identify the occupational hazard factors during operation of a long distance crude oil pipeline project,assess the control effect. [Methods] A comprehensive analysis and evaluation was performed by occupational health field investigation,occupational hazards detection and occupational health examination in 2013. [ Results] The main occupational hazard factors existed in the normal operation of the project were low carbon hydrocarbons,carbon monoxide,nitrogen monoxide,nitrogen dioxide,hydrogen sulfide,ammonia,solvent gasoline,benzene,toluene,xylene,noise and power frequency electric field. The main occupational hazard factors existed in repair and maintenance operation were welding fumes,grinding wheel dust,manganese and its compounds,carbon monoxide,nitrogen monoxide,nitrogen dioxide,ozone,noise,and ultraviolet radiation.The detection results showed that the short-term exposure concentration and concentration-time weighted average of the manganese and its compounds in welding operation exceeded the occupational limits,and 4-hour continuous equivalent sound levels were between 64.0 d B（A） and 87.9 d B（A）. The concentration of welding fumes in maintenance workshop was 4.9 mg/m3,the intensity of power frequency electric field was 8.31-1401 V/m,which met the requirements of national occupational exposure limits. The concentration of grinding wheel dust was 16.3 mg/m3,which exceeded the national occupational exposure limit.[Conclusion] The occupational hazard control effect of the project meets the requirements basically. However,the individual protection of maintenance workers should be strengthened.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2016年第4期436-439,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
原油管道
职业危害因素
控制效果评价
Crude oil pipeline
Occupational hazard factor
Control effect evaluation
