摘要
目的了解石家庄市城乡居民健康素养状况及其影响因素,为政府和卫生行政部门制订健康教育与健康促进政策、策略和措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层多阶段整群随机抽样方法,抽取石家庄市城乡居民1 200人,采用卫生部2012年设计的"全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷"进行问卷调查。采用SPSS 20.0统计软件进行数据分析。结果共调查石家庄市城乡居民1 200人,其中有效问卷1 199份,问卷有效率为99.9%。城乡居民具备健康素养的比例为13.8%,其中城市居民为17.3%、农村居民为11.5%。调查对象具备健康基本知识和理念素养、健康生活方式与行为素养、基本技能素养的比例分别是26.3%、8.7%和14.2%;具备6类健康问题素养的比例由高到低分别是:安全与急救素养49.9%、科学健康观素养47.7%、传染病预防素养19.7%、信息获取素养14.1%、慢性病预防素养13.3%、基本医疗素养5.4%。城乡、性别、文化程度及经济收入是影响居民健康素养的主要因素。结论石家庄市居民健康素养具备率较低,城乡居民健康素养水平有很大差别,应有针对性地制定健康教育与健康促进策略,以提高居民健康素养水平。
Objective To learn the status of health literacy and its influencing factors of urban and rural residents in Shijiazhuang City,and to provide a scientific basis for formulate health education and health promotion policies,strategies and measures for government and health administrative departments. Methods Stratified multi- stage cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 1 200 people among urban and rural residents in Shijiazhuang City; the questionnaire of ＂national health literacy monitoring survey ＂was designed by Ministry of Health in2012. Used SPSS 20. 0 statistical software for data analysis. Results A total of 1 200 urban and rural residents were investigated in Shijiazhuang,1 199 copies of valid questionnaires; the questionnaire response rate was 99. 9%. The rate of Health literacy for survey was 13. 8%,in which the proportion of urban residents have health literacy was17. 3%,the proportion of rural residents have health literacy was 11. 5%. The proportion of urban and rural residents with basic knowledge and ideas,healthy lifestyles and behavior,health related skills were 30. 4%,8. 7%and 14. 2%. The percentage of urban and rural residents who had the literacy related to six kinds of health problems in descending order was as follows： literacy of safety and first aid 49. 9%,literacy of scientific health viewpoint was 47. 7%,literacy of infectious disease prevention was 19. 7%,literacy of access to information was 14. 1%,literacy of chronic disease prevention was 13. 3%,literacy of basic health 5. 4%. The in urban and rural areas,gender,education level and income were the main factors affected residents ＇ health literacy in Shijiazhuang city. Conclusion The of residents Shijiazhuang City had lower rate of health literacy and there are great differences between urban and rural residents＇ health literacy levels,we should be targeted to the development of health education and health promotion strategies to improve the city＇s residents＇ health literacy.
出处
《医学动物防制》
2016年第3期285-288,共4页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
关键词
城乡居民
健康素养
状况
调查
Urban and rural residents
Health literacy
Status
Survey
