摘要
目的观察低蛋白摄入对氟中毒雌鼠体质量、骨氟、尿氟、氟斑牙的影响。方法选用120只断乳2周SD雌鼠为研究对象，自由食用贵州省织金县地方性氟中毒病区原煤烘烤的玉米饲料，以复制燃煤型氟中毒动物模型，将雌鼠按体质量（60～80g）采用随机数字表法分为4组：对照组、低蛋白组、氟中毒组、低蛋白氟中毒组，每组30只。对照组给予正常饲料，低蛋白组给予50％蛋白含量饲料，氟中毒组给予含氟100mg／kg饲料，低蛋白氟中毒组给予50％蛋白含量及含氟100mg／kg饲料。分别于60、120、180d时称雌鼠体质量。观察各组雌鼠牙齿的变化情况；采用离子选择电极法、高温灰化-氟离子选择电极法测定雌鼠尿氟、骨氟含量。结果对照、低蛋白组雌鼠未出现氟斑牙，氟中毒、低蛋白氟中毒组随着染氟时间延长氟斑牙症状逐渐加重。随着染氟时间的延长（60、120、180d），雌鼠尿氟、骨氟在氟中毒组[（10．823±1．950）、（13．918±1．871）、（20．862±2．346）mg／L，（114．731±12．036）、（142．847±11．341）、（233．331±12．940）mg／kg]、低蛋白氟中毒组雌鼠[（10．644±1．924）、（11．019±1．304）、（22．870±3．427）mg／L，（123．477±10．746）、（162．847±12．740）、（293．856±22．662）mg／kg]含量均逐渐增加，组内不同时间比较差异有统计学意义（F=61．915、216．329，83．821、301．655，P均〈0．05）。染氟60、120、180d各组雌鼠尿氟、骨氟含量比较，差异均有统计学意义（F=178．756、515．645．351．830、822．107，340．678、1187．511，P均〈0．05）。氟中毒组、低蛋白氟中毒组尿氟、骨氟含量均高于对照组[（0．681±0．145）、（0．730±0．133）、（0．766±0．151）mg／L，（15．037±4．202）、（17．095±3．129）、（18．357±3．730）mg／kg]、低蛋白组[（0．688±0．083）、（1．096±0．076）、（0．820±0．148）mg／L，（15．855±0．928）、（16．674±1．621）、（18．320±1．011）mg／kg]。低蛋白、氟的交互作用对120、180d雌鼠尿氟、骨氟有影响（F=19．297、13．047，15．393、52．704，P均〈0．05）；对60、120、180d雌鼠体质量无影响（F=0．164、0．329、0．209，P均〉0．05）。结论低蛋白与氟中毒的程度密切相关，增加骨氟的沉积，加重氟斑牙的严重程度及发生率，但与体质量无明显关系。
Objective To monitor the effects of malnutrition on weight, fluoride levels of bone and urine, and dental fluorosis of female rats. Methods In order to establish an animal model of coal-fired fluorosis, we fed SD female rats corns which were roasted by using coals fiom the fluorosis areas of Zhijin. In this study, we divided rats into 4 groups： control group, low protein group, fluorosis group and low protein fluorosis group, 30 rats in each group. For the control ones, they were normally fed. And we fed low protein group, fluorosis group and low proteinfluorosis group with fluorosis forage containing 50% protein, 100 mg/kg fluoride, and 50% protein plus 100 mg/kg fluoride, respectively. We dynamically examined the variable tendencies of dental fluorosis. Additionally, the levels of fluoride in bone and urine of female rats were measured by using ion selective electrode （ISE） and high temperature ashing fluoride ion selective electrode at days 60, 120 and 180. Results Control and low protein groups had no dental fluorosis; fluorosis and low protein fluorosis groups dental fluorosis gradually increased. With the extension of time, the levels of fluorine in urine and bone of the female fluorosis group [（10.823 ± 1.950）, （13.918 ± 1.871）, （20.862 ± 2.346） rag/L; （114.731 ± 12.036）, （142,847 ± 11.341）, （233.331 ± 12.940） mg/kg], and low protein fluorosis group [（10.644 ± 1.924）, （11.019 ± 1.304）, （22.870 ± 3.427） mg/L; （123.477 ± 10.746）, （162.847 ± 12.740）, （293.856 ± 22.662） mg/kg] were increased gradually, the differences were statistically significant （F = 61.915, 216.329; 83.821,301.655, all P 〈 0.05）; after exposed to fluorine for 60, 80, 120 days, the levels of fluorine in urine and bone of fluorosis group and low protein fluorosis group were higher than those of the control group [（0.681 ± 0.145）, （0.730 ± 0.133）, （0.766 ± 0.151） nag/L; （15.037 ± 4.202）, （17.095 ± 3.129）, （18.357 ± 3.730） mg/kg] and the low protein group[（0.688 ± 0.083）, （1.096 ± 0.076）, （0.820 ± 0.148） rag/L; （15.855 ± 0.928）, （16.674 ± 1.621）, （18.320 ± 1.011） mg/kg], the differences were statistically signifieant （F = 178.756, 515.645; 351.830, 822.107; 340.678, 1 187.511, all P 〈 0.05）; the interaction of malnutrition and fluoride had effects on fluorosis levels of urine and bone of 120 and 180 days old female rats （F = 19.297, 13.047; 15.393, 52.704, all P 〈 0.05）. Malnutrition had no influence on body weight of 60, 120 and 180 days old rats （F = 0.164, 0.329, 0.209, all P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions Malnutrition is associated with fluorosis. It reduees the excretion of urinary fluoride, increases the deposition of bone fluoride, and aggravates the incidence and severity of dental fluorosis. However, it is not significantly correlated with weight.
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第4期256-259,共4页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
基金
国家自然科学基金（30460122）
贵州省科技厅项目[黔科合LG字（2011036）、黔科合J字（20112277）
关键词
低蛋白
雌鼠
氟中毒
Malnutrition
Female rats
Fluorosis
