摘要
船位监控系统(vessel monitoring system,VMS)作为一种渔船监控手段,同时也为渔业科学研究提供了一种新的数据来源。VMS数据记录了渔船实时的船位、航速、航向等动态信息,已被广泛应用于海洋渔业的诸多领域。本文结合国内外研究现状,对VMS数据分析挖掘方法进行了归纳和总结,对采用VMS数据进行捕捞努力量估算、渔民行为特点和渔场分析、捕捞活动对海洋生态环境影响等方面的研究进展进行了综述,并在此基础上分析了VMS数据在海洋渔业上的应用前景及其存在的问题,对今后我国采用VMS数据进行相关研究提出了建议。
Vessel monitoring system,as a fishing vessel monitoring means,provides a new data source for fisheries scientific research. VMS data records the dynamic information of real-time position,speed and heading of fishing vessels,making up for the deficiency of log book data in these aspects,and it has been widely used in marine fisheries. To further understand its advances in analyzing and mining of VMS data,we summarized the methods and models of fishing vessels states recognition and fishing vessels trajectory reconstruction,based on related literatures by researchers at home and abroad. On this basis,according to VMS data in fishing states,combining with the tonnage,engine power,fishing gear,such as information of fishing vessels,it could be used to estimate the spatial-temporal distribution of fishing effort; the spatialtemporal distribution of fishing effort could be used to analyze the behavior characteristics of fishermen,the location of fishing ground and dynamic changes of fishing ground; the fishing intensity was calculated by fishing effort in unit time and unit area,the spatial-temporal distribution of fishing intensity could be used to analyze the impact of fishing activity on the marine environment and marine biological resources. The research of the applications of VMS data in fishing effort estimation,the analysis of fishermen behavior characteristics and fishing grounds, and the impact of fishing activities on marine eco-environment have made great progresses. The technology of analyzing and mining of VMS data has been relatively mature. What＇s more,the application prospect of VMS data in marine fisheries is also very wide,but there still has many challenges in mining and application of VMS data,the research emphasis of mining and application of VMS data in the future will include：（ 1） the methods and models in analyzing and mining of VMS data need to be further perfected;（ 2） strengthening the international exchanges and cooperation to implement the unity of the recording frequency of VMS data between different communication systems;（ 3） combining the VMS data with the information technology just like the logbook automatic acquisition technology, radio frequency identification technology,electronic product code technology and internet of things technology,to explore the application of VMS data in the automatic acquisition of fisheries information,the automatic analysis of fisheries information and marine environment and the automatic tracing of aquatic products.
出处
《海洋渔业》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第2期217-224,共8页
Marine Fisheries
基金
上海市科学技术委员会长三角科技联合攻关领域项目(15595811000)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(东海水产研究所2014T13)
关键词
VMS数据
捕捞努力量
渔场
生态环境影响评估
VMS data
fishing effort
fishing ground
eco-environmental impact assessment
