摘要
为明确吡氟酰草胺对我国黄淮海区域小麦田常见杂草的生物活性和对小麦的安全性,采用盆栽法测定了吡氟酰草胺在杂草苗前土壤处理和苗后早期茎叶处理2种施药方式下对小麦田常见17种杂草的除草活性及对济麦22、良星66和矮抗58三个小麦品种的安全性。结果表明:吡氟酰草胺在杂草苗前土壤处理和苗后早期茎叶处理中杀草谱基本一致,对阔叶杂草播娘蒿、荠菜和禾本科杂草早熟禾、碱茅、菵草、蜡烛草、棒头草和看麦娘8种杂草的防除效果好,土壤处理GR_(50)在15.96~75.95 g(a.i.)/hm^2之间,GR_(90)在65.27~253.83 g(a.i.)/hm^2之间,茎叶处理GR_(50)在10.47~89.15 g(a.i.)/hm^2之间,GR_(90)在90.20~429.37 g(a.i.)/hm^2之间;对猪殃殃、麦家公、麦瓶草和大穗看麦娘4种杂草防除效果略差,GR_(90)在577.98~2 486.76 g(a.i.)/hm^2之间;对节节麦、硬草、野燕麦、多花黑麦草和雀麦5种杂草的防除效果差或无效。该药对小麦安全性好,土壤处理和茎叶处理中,3个小麦品种在试验剂量下均生长正常,GR_(10)均大于3 200 g(a.i.)/hm^2,在小麦和播娘蒿等8种杂草之间的选择性指数均远远大于5.54。
Diflufenican is a pyridinecarboxamide herbicide,newly registered in China.Pot experiments were conducted to determine the pre-and early post-emergence herbicidal activity and safety to wheat of diflufenican in glasshouses in Shandong Province.Dose-response of 17 weeds,including five broadleaf weeds and 12 grasses,and three common wheat varieties were tested.The results showed that diflufenican could effectively control Descuminia sophia,Capsella bursapastoris,Beckmannia syzigachne,Phleum paniculatum,Alopecurus aequalis,Poa annua,Puccinellia distans and Polypogon fugax,with a GR_（50） value of 15.96-75.95 g（a.i.） /hm^2 and GR_（90）value of 65.27-253.83 g（a.i.） /hm^2 when applied pre-emergence,and with a GR_（50） value of 10.47-89.15 g（a.i.） /hm^2 and GR_（90）value of90.20-429.37 g（a.i.） /hm^2 when applied early post-emergence.It could only control Galium spurium,Lithospermum arvense,Silene conoidea and Alopecurus myosuroides at high dosage,with a GR_（90） value of 577.98-2 486.76 g（a.i.） /hm^2.Diflufenican provided very low control to Bromus tectorum,Sclerochloa dura,Avena fatua,Aegilops tauschii,and Lolium multiflorum at the tested dosage.Diflufenican had good safety to wheat wherever pre-or early post-emergence treatment,with GR_（10）3 200 g（a.i.） /hm^2,and the selectivity index between wheat and eight species of weeds was far above 5.54.
出处
《植物保护学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第2期329-335,共7页
Journal of Plant Protection
基金
“十二五”国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD19B02)
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303022)
山东省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(SDAIT-04-022-03)
