摘要
为了探讨日粮中添加陈皮和酸甜剂对奶牛生产性能及部分血清生化指标的影响,试验采取单因素随机分组试验设计,选取45头健康和体况、采食量、胎次、泌乳天数、产奶量相近的中国荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为3个处理组(n=15),即对照组、试验1组和试验2组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1组、2组分别在日粮基础上添加陈皮(500 g/d)和酸甜剂组合(柠檬酸20 g/d、甜蜜素10 g/d),预试期21 d,正试期90 d。结果表明:在整个试验期内,试验1组与对照组相比干物质采食量提高了3.80%(P<0.05),产奶量提高了2.34%(P<0.05);试验1组比试验2组干物质采食量提高2.45%(P<0.05)。试验1组和试验2组血清中总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验1组谷丙转氨酶(ALT)含量显著高于对照组和试验2组(P<0.05),谷草转氨酶(AST)含量显著低于对照组和试验2组(P<0.05);试验1组总胆固醇(TC)含量较对照组降低了33.11%,较试验2组降低了29.89%,差异极显著(P<0.01)。说明在日粮基础上添加陈皮和酸甜剂能够显著提高奶牛干物质采食量和产奶量,同时提高血清中TP、ALB含量,且添加陈皮的试验组能够显著提高血清中ALT活性,极显著降低TC含量。陈皮和酸甜剂对奶牛都具有一定的诱食效果,但陈皮对奶牛的生产性能及血清生化指标的影响较酸甜剂效果更明显,推测其原因可能是陈皮作为中草药常用提取物之一,除了含有丰富的营养物质之外还有很多酸甜剂中没有的有效活性因子,可以保护奶牛肝脏,促进体内蛋白质合成,从而促进奶牛的生产性能。
To investigate the effects of dried tangerine peel and the sweet and sour agents added into the diets on the productive performance and partial biochemical indexes in serum of dairy cows,a single- factor randomized design in the test. Forty- five healthy Chinese Holstein cows with similar body condition,feed intake,parity,number of days of lactation,and milk yield,were randomly divided into three treatment groups（ n = 15）,including a control group,an experimental group 1,and an experimental group 2. The control group was fed the basal diets,and the experimental 1 and 2 groups were fed based diets supplemented with 500 g / d of dried tangerine peel and the combination of sweet and sour agents,including 20 g / d of citric acid and 10 g / d of sodium cyclamate,respectively. The pre- test period was 21 d,and the test period was 90 d. The results showed that compared with the control group throughout the test period,the dry matter intake in the experimental group 1 increased by 3. 80%（ P 0. 05）,and the milk yield increased by 2. 34%（ P 0. 05）. The dry matter intake in the experiment group 1 increased by 2. 45%（ P 0. 05） compared with that in the experiment group 2. The contents of total protein（ TP） and albumin（ ALB） in the experimental group 1 and 2 groups were significantly higher（ P 0. 05） than those in the control group,and the contents of alanine aminotransferase（ ALT） and aspartate transaminase（ AST） in the experiment group 1 were significantly higher（ P 0. 05） or lower（ P 0. 05） than that in the control group and the experiment group 2,respectively. The content of total cholesterol（ TC） in the experimental group 1 reduced by33. 11% or 29. 89% compared with that in the control group and the experimental group 2,respectively,and there were highly significant differences（ P 0. 01）. The results indicate that the addition of dried tangerine peel and the sweet and sour agents based on the basal diets can significantly improve dry matter intake and milk yield of dairy cows,and increase the content of TP and ALB in serum. While the experimental group added with dried tangerine peel can significantly improve the activity of serum ALT,and highly significantly reduce TC content in serum.Dried tangerine peel and the sweet and sour agents have a certain effect of food calls for dairy cows,but dried tangerine peel has more obvious effects than the sweet and sour agents on the productive performance and serum biochemical indicators of dairy cows,and it is speculated that the reason for this may be as one of the commonly used Chinese herbal extracts,in addition to rich nutrients,dried tangerine peel has a lot of active factors beyond the sweet and sour agents,which can protect the dairy cow liver and promote the synthesis of proteins in the body,thereby promoting the productive performance of dairy cows.
出处
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第4期11-15,共5页
Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine
基金
现代农业(奶牛)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-37)
"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目"牧区及农牧交错带奶牛健康养殖技术集成及产业化示范"(2012BAD12B09)
新疆肉乳用草食动物营养实验室开放课题
关键词
陈皮
柠檬酸
甜蜜素
奶牛
生产性能
血清生化指标
dried tangerine peel
citric acid
sodium cyclamate
dairy cow
productive performance
serum biochemistry index
