摘要
通过对冻、融土强度性能的对比分析,发现冻土强度远大于融土,导致冻土开挖困难,是困扰寒区工程作业的一项技术难题.作者首先介绍了几种开挖冻土的方法,并对不同开挖法的实用性和可行性做了阐述,指出机械法开挖破碎冻土是十分重要和有效的措施.冻土开挖破碎的难易程度取决于冻土动力学性质及其与开挖机械的作用关系,本文对冻土动力学方面的研究做了简要概述,旨在指出影响冻土动力学性质的主要因素及其破坏损伤特征,为冻土开挖方式优化、改进开挖机械性能提供参考.最后结合以往的冻土切削和冲击试验,对进一步开展冻土开挖和开挖机械优化研究提出了几点建议,希望对改良寒区工程施工技术、提高作业效率起到指引作用.
By comparing the characteristics of the frozen soil and the unfrozen soil, it is shown that the strength of the frozen soil is much stronger than that of the unfrozen soil, which increases the difficulty of the frozen soil excavation, as an issue in front of engineering operations in cold regions. There are several methods for the frozen soil excavation and the practicability and the feasibility of the methods are reviewed in this paper. It is shown that the mechanical method used to excavate the frozen soil is extremely effective. Secondly, the difficulty of the frozen soil excavation is related to the physic-mechanical properties of the frozen soil. In the process of excavation, the fracture mechanics and the damage mechanics of the frozen soil are more involved. This paper gives a brief overview of the dynamics of the permafrost to indicate the main factors that affect the mechanical properties of the frozen soil and the features of the damaged frozen soil, to help the permafrost mechanicalexcavation. A review of the previous experimental researches aims to help the studies of the permafrost cutting and impact performance, and a few suggestions are made for the further study of the frozen soil excavation.
出处
《力学与实践》
北大核心
2016年第2期126-133,143,共9页
Mechanics in Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(41071045)
铁道部科技研究开发计划(Z2012-062)
冻土工程国家重点实验室自主立项课题(SKLFSE-ZY-15)资助项目
关键词
冻土爆破
机械开挖
冻土破碎
冻土切削
振动与冲击
frozen blasting
mechanical excavation
frozen soil breaking
frozen soil cutting
vibration and shock
