摘要
目的调查河南省平顶山地区煤矿工人中变应性鼻炎（AR）患者吸入性变应原的分布情况,并为该病的临床防治提供统计学依据。方法选取2014年8月至2015年11月在中国平煤神马医疗集团总医院耳鼻喉科门诊拟诊为AR患者529例,采用21种标准化变应原进行皮肤点刺试验,比较变应原分布情况。结果 529例患者皮肤点刺试验阳性的有467例,阳性率为88.3%,居前5位的变应原分别为：粉尘螨、屋尘螨、艾蒿、动毛Ⅰ、禾本科。煤矿工人AR患者的吸入性变应原居前5位的分别为：粉尘螨[85.1%（251/295）]、屋尘螨[78.3%（231/295）]、动毛Ⅰ[48.5%（143/295）]、艾蒿[48.1%（142/295）]、动毛Ⅱ[45.4%（134/295）]。煤矿工人中烟曲霉菌交链孢霉菌的阳性率均高于非煤矿工人,差异均有统计学意义（χ^2=6.033、4.622,P=0.014、0.032）。结论尘螨是煤矿工人AR患者主要的吸入性变应原,但真菌也占一定比例,且煤矿工人的烟曲霉菌和交链孢霉菌阳性率更高。
Objective To investigate the distribution situation of inhaled allergens among coal mine workers with allergic rhinitis（AR） in Pingdingshan area to provide the statistical basis for its clinical prevention and treatment. Methods A total of529 cases of AR in our hospital from August 2014 to November 2015 were selected and performed the skin prick test by adopting21 standardization allergens. The allergens distribution situation was compared. Results Among 529 cases,467 cases were positive in the skin prick test with the positive rate of 88.3%,the top five inhaled allergens were dermatophagoides farinae,dermatophagoides pteronyssinus,artemisia argyi,animal woolⅠand Poaceae. The top five inhaled allergens in coal mine workers with AR were dermatophagoides farinae [85.1%（251/295）],dermatophagoides pteronyssinus[78.3%（231/295）],animal woolⅠ[48.5%（143/295）],artemisia argyi[48.1%（142/295）] and animal woolⅡ[45.4%（134/295）]. The positive rate of Aspergillus fumigatus and cross-linking spore mould in the coal mine workers were higher than those in the non-coal mine workers,the difference was statistically significant（χ^2=6.033、4.622,P=0.014,0.032）. Conclusion Dermatophagoid mite is the main inhaled allergen in coal mine workers,but fungus occupy a certain proportion,moreover Aspergillus fumigatus and cross-linking spore mould have higher positive rate in coal mine workers.
出处
《现代医药卫生》
2016年第8期1167-1169,共3页
Journal of Modern Medicine & Health
关键词
采煤
鼻炎
变应性
常年性
点刺
免疫球蛋白E
Coal mining
Rhinitis
allergic
perennial
Pricking needling
Immunoglobulin E
