摘要
通过回顾近40篇中外文献,介绍PM2.5的基本成因及组成,阐述PM2.5的毒理学研究结果及其与不良妊娠结局的关系,包括PM2.5与低出生体质量(LBW)、早产(PTB)、胚胎停育、妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)及子痫前期的关系。发现PM2.5化学成分主要包括元素碳、有机碳、无机成分和微量重金属元素。燃煤和交通均是城市PM2.5的主要来源。重金属和多环芳烃类物质是PM2.5的主要毒性组分,母体吸入PM2.5后,吸附在颗粒物上的毒性物质可通过胎盘直接渗透,影响母体的内分泌及免疫系统,引起氧化应激、遗传物质改变,对胚胎或胎儿造成影响。推测PM2.5是低出生体质量、早产及胚胎停育的危险因素;但PM2.5是否是GDM、子痫前期的危险因素仍有待研究。
Through the review of nearly 40 domestic and foreign literature, the formation, components and toxicity of PM2.5 and its association with adverse birth outcomes（ABOs） including low birth weight（LBW）, preterm birth（PTB）, stillbirth,gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM） and pre-eclampsia are investigated. PM2.5 mainly consists of element carbon, organic carbon, inorganic matter and heavy metals. Coal burning and traffic are the main sources of urban PM2.5. Heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were the main toxic components of PM2.5, which could exert adverse effect on pregnancy outcome through direct placental permeation, affecting maternal endocrine and immune system, inducing oxidative stress or changing genetic materials. At last, there is still mystery about the association of PM2.5 and GDM and pre-eclampsia.Nevertheless, PM2.5 is convincingly thought to be a risk factor of LBW, PTB and stillbirth.
出处
《国际妇产科学杂志》
CAS
2016年第2期221-225,共5页
Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology
关键词
空气污染物
空气污染
婴儿
出生时低体重
早产
胎儿疾病
Air pollutants
Air pollution
Infant
low birth weight
Premature birth
Fetal diseases
