摘要
目的探讨噪声接触时间和噪声强度对噪声作业工人听力损失的风险程度。方法采用回顾性队列研究分析广东省中山市1 411名噪声作业工人连续3年纯音气导听阈和噪声监测数据。结果 1 411名中山市噪声作业工人2012—2014年双耳高频听阈存在时间主效应和噪声强度主效应(P<0.05)。噪声作业工人2012、2013、2014年的双耳高频听阈分别为(30.88±7.21)、(30.57±6.91)、(30.37±7.21)d BHL,2013年与2012年相比,噪声作业工人双耳高频听阈升高(P<0.05),2014年与2013年相比,双耳高频听阈无差异(P>0.05);不同噪声强度双耳高频听阈不同(P<0.05),≥88 d B(A)噪声强度的工人双耳高频听阈最高,2012—2014年分别为(32.83±9.45)、(32.20±9.11)、(32.22±9.52)(d BHL)。结论噪声接触时间和噪声强度与噪声接触工人双耳高频听阈损失存在剂量-反应关系。
Objective To investigate the effect of intensity and duration of occupational noise exposure on hearing loss among workers. Methods With the data on pure tone audiometry and environmental noise monitoring from 2012 through 2014 ,we did a retrospective cohort study among 1 411 noise-exposed workers from Zhongshan city of Guangdong province. Results The noise exposure showed significant intensity- and time-dependent effect on binaural high-frequency hearing threshold among the noise-exposed workers （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; the average binaural high-frequency hearing threshold for all the noise-exposed workers were 30. 88 ±7.21,30. 57± 6. 91, and 30. 37 ± 7.21 decibel hearing level （dBHL） for the measurements in 2012,2013, and 2014. Compared to the measurements in 2012, the average binaural high-frequency hearing threshold of the noise-exposed workers was elevated in 2013 （P 〈 0. 05 ）, but there was a difference in the threshold between the measurements in 2013 and 2014 （P 〉 0. 05 ）. The average binaural high-frequency hearing threshold differed significantly by the intensity of noise（P 〈 0. 05 ）and the workers exposed to the noise of 〉/88 dB （A）had the highest binaural high-frequency hearing threshold（32. 83 ±9.45,32. 20 ±9. 11 ,and 32. 22 ±9. 52 dBHL for the measurements in 2012,2013, and 2014）. Conclusion Our findings suggest that there is a dose-response relationship between intensity and time of noise exposure and binaural high-frequency hearing threshold among occupationally exposed workers.
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第5期642-645,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
中山市医疗卫生重大科技计划项目(20122A001)
中山医疗卫生重大科技项目(2015B1009)
关键词
噪声
听力损失
回顾性队列研究
noise
hearing loss
retrospective cohort study
