摘要
本文通过油酸和硬脂酸分别与环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵合成两种酯基季铵盐表面活性剂,通过红外对其结构进行表征;同时通过测定产物中氯离子和季铵根离子的含量,表明酯化反应合成季铵盐的过程中,硬脂酸的反应活性比油酸高。通过表面张力测定仪对两种表面活性剂的性能进行测定,油酸酯季铵盐表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度(CMC)为1.19×10^(-2) g/L,在该浓度下的表面张力γ_(cmc)为46.4 m N/m;硬脂酸酯季铵盐表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度(CMC)为6.98×10^(-3)g/L,在该浓度下的表面张力γ_(cmc)为51.3 m N/m;说明酯基季铵盐表面活性剂中双键的存在更有利于降低表面张力。根据国标GB/T 7381-2010的方法检测,硬脂酸酯季铵盐表面活性剂和油酸酯季铵盐表面活性剂在硬水中的稳定性较差,说明酯基季铵盐表面活性剂不适合应用于硬水体系。
In this paper, two kinds of esterquats surfactants were synthesized from epoxy propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride （EPTAC） as starting materials after the reaction with oleic acid and stearic acid, respectively. Their structures were characterized by IR, meanwhile the chloride ions and quaternary ammonium ions were also measured. The result indicated that the reactivity of stearic acid was higher than of oleic acid in the synthesis process of esterquats. The performance of two surfactants was measured by surface tension analyzer. The critical micelle concentration （CMC） of quaternary ammonium oleate surfactants was 1.19 × 10^-2 g/L, and the surface tension （γcmc） at this concentration was 46.4 mN/m; the critical micelle concentration （CMC） of quaternary ammonium stearate surfactant was 6.98 × 10^-3 g/L, and the surface tension （γcmc） at this concentration was 51.3 mN/m. These results demonstrated that the double bond in esterquats surfactant is more favorable to reduce surface tension. According to the national standard for GB/T 7381-2010, the stability of quaternary ammonium stearate surfactants and quaternary ammonium oleate surfactants in hard water was poor, implying that esterquats surfactants are not applicable to hard water system.
出处
《皮革与化工》
CAS
2016年第2期15-20,共6页
Leather And Chemicals
基金
烟台市科技发展计划(2015SF052)
关键词
阳离子表面活性剂
季铵盐
表面活性
cationic surfactant
a quaternary ammonium salt
Surfactant
