摘要
经济犯罪中"兜底条款"的存在有其合理性,但其解释应当受罪刑法定原则所要求的明确性约束,并为经济犯罪基本特征所制约,以体现刑法的"二次性评价原则",但司法解释与司法判决却有越来越扩大适用的趋势,限制解释应当是基本的司法立场与学术选择。限制解释的基本立场是,必须有作为前置法的行政法律、法规存在,经济犯罪的"兜底条款"才能进行入罪评价;行政法律针对某一事项规定追究刑事责任的条款,有的事项则没有规定,没有规定的事项,不可解释为刑法中"兜底条款"所涉的内容;"兜底条款"的范围,必须与刑法明示的内容具有行为同质性与结果同质性方可进行解释,仅有结果的同质性不能适用;对于经济犯罪中的"双兜底条款",必须采取最严格的解释立场,以维护基本的刑法安全与市场主体的经济自由;对于立法与司法解释涉及的已经远离"文本"含义射程的"其他"内容,应当自解释施行后才具有效力。对待转型时期的社会与经济发展中的经济犯罪,理应坚持理性、科学的刑事司法政策立场。
The existence of fall back provisions in economic crimes has its legitimacy,but the interpretation of those provisions needs to be constrained by the clarity requirement of the principle of legality in criminal law. They also have to be limited by the basic nature of the economic crime. But the judicial interpretation and judgments are enlarging the application of fall back provisions. The restrictive interpretation for them should be the fundamental position of legal practice and research. The basic stand of the restrictive interpretation is that fall back provisions of economic crimes can be applied only if there are administrative laws or regulations regulating the issue beforehand. For those acts whose criminal responsibilities are not mentioned in administrative law,they cannot be interpreted as acts regulated by fall back provisions of the criminal law. The spectrum of the fall back provision has to be act-homogenous and result- homogenous to the express contents of the criminal law. As for the ' double fall back provisions' in economic crimes,application has to be extremely limited in order to protect the safety of the criminal law and the economic freedom. As for the ' other' provisions regulated in legislation or judicial interpretation,it shall be valid only after the promulgation of an interpretation concerning with them. In time of social transformation and economic development,we need to respond to the economic crimes with rational and scientific policies for criminal law.
出处
《国家检察官学院学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第3期83-98,174,共16页
Journal of National Prosecutors College
基金
江苏省哲学社会科学基金项目"社会变迁与刑事政策"(12FXB005)阶段性研究成果
"江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目"(PAPD)资助
关键词
兜底条款
经济犯罪
前置法
行为同质性
刑事政策
the Fall Back Provision
Economic Crimes
Preliminary Law
Act-homogenesis
Criminal Policy
