摘要
基于探索性空间数据分析(ESDA)思想,提出一种耕作距离空间估测方法,定量分析农村居民点耕作距离的分布格局与分异特征。以广东省阳山县为案例,研究表明:1耕作距离与耕地质量及地形等别存在一定的相关性,耕作半径愈小,地形愈低平的地区,居民点与较优的耕地愈集中;2耕作距离在空间上呈现不均衡状态,随着距离尺度的增加,耕作距离的变化由低值聚类转为高值聚类状态,表明研究区耕地格局随耕作距离尺度上升变得更加分散;3估测方法考虑了农村居民点与耕地之间的关系,可以有效分析耕地与居民点之间的空间分布随耕作距离变化的规律,对农村居民点调整、高标准农田建设等工作的合理开展具有参照和一定指导意义。
On the background of the increase of population and the decrease of arable land, how to improve efficiency and quality of farmland use is an important issue in China. We noticed that the administrative villager council as the unique legitimate and formal institution in countryside and the cultivators is restricted in their administrative village. To some extent, the cultivators＇ activity in the rural area are bound to their contracted land within a certain farming distance. However, the ideas on how to estimate the effect on spatial patters by the farming radius are vague in recent studies because the analysis on the relationship between rural settlements and arable land is qualitative and patial. To compare and evaluate the spatial pattern of cultivated land, we proposed a mothod to estimate the spatial distribution of the farming distance between settlements and farmland using exploratory spatial data analysis（ESDA） and the local indicator of spatial association（LISA）. The study area is the Yangshan County located in the northwest Guangdong Province, which is one of the most representative county in the traditional mountain farming district. By this method, we found that the average farming distance changed more quickly than the coverage rate did with the increase of the coverage rate. When the coverage was up to 90%, the average distance increased up to 570 m, and the coverage was up to 100%, the average distance of the eincreased to 1 134 m. In other words, it is equivalent to the distance required to complete90% of the cultivated land if the cultivators want to completely use 10% of the rest cultivated land with the greater distance. Simultaneously, we found the variation of farming distance in the study area was more accurately according to LISA statistical method. The result showed that： 1） The farming distance was affected by many factors such as quality of arable land and level of terain, and there is a stronger correlation between farming distanc and quality of arable land and level of terain. 2） The spatial distribution of farming distance was nonuniform and the changes from low clustering value to a high value of farming distance indicated that the pattern of arable land in the study area became more decentralized with the increase of the distance scale. 3）the proposed method can expose the spatial differentiation of farming distance in the whole region using exploratory spatial data analysis and it is particularly useful to guide the formulation of public policies for adjustment of rural residential area and the construction of high standard farmland.
出处
《地理科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第5期760-765,共6页
Scientia Geographica Sinica
基金
广东省科技计划项目(2013A061402012
2014B020206002)资助~~
