摘要
目的肿瘤目前已成为世界性重大公共卫生问题，其造成的疾病负担已明显高于其他疾病。本研究通过计算肿瘤早死所致生命损失年（years of life lost，YLL）反映其造成的疾病负担，分析中国肿瘤疾病负担及城乡差异，为中国肿瘤防治工作提供一定依据。方法采用2012年《中国肿瘤登记年报》中的数据，包括性别、年龄、城乡间肿瘤发病死亡率以及相应人口数，计算YLL、YLL率及平均减寿年数（average years of lire lost，AYLL）。采用ICD-10将各肿瘤分类。结果2009年中国肿瘤造成的AYLL为9．42年／人，城市为8．84年／人，农村为10．33年／人。YLL男性高于女性，随年龄增长先增后减，城市与农村男女各自出现交叉后城市YLL反高于农村。2009年中国城市肺癌造成的YLL所占比例最高，为24．2％。农村肿瘤YLL中肝癌占比例最高，为21．7％。2009年中国城市和农村肿瘤死因顺位不同，除农村男性外（肝癌最高为10．50％o），其余居首位的均是肺癌（城市，男为5．29‰，女为2．40‰；农村，女为2．23‰）。肺癌、肝癌和胃癌YLL有城乡差异，肺癌影响年龄范围较大（35～80岁）；肝癌是较年轻化的肿瘤（YLL25岁时便有增长趋势），其造成的AYLL农村和城市均为最高（城市12．13年／人，农村12．87年／人）；农村男性胃癌造成的YLL在所有人群中最高。结论肿瘤所造成的YLL与年龄、性别均有相关，且有城乡差异。肺癌影响人群范围最广，肝癌造成的AYLL最高。肿瘤疾病负担呈现农村高于城市，男性高于女性，政府应制定有针对性的措施，合理利用卫生资源，减少早死对人类和社会造成的负担。
OBJECTIVE Cancer has become a major public health problem in worldwide, and the burden of disease caused by it is gradually and significantly higher than other diseases. This study analyzed the cancer burden in China by calculating the years of life lost （YLL） and comparing the differences between urban and rural areas, and provide a basis for Chinese cancer prevention. METHODS Using data from the Chinese Cancer Registration Annual Report （2012）, including age,gender,incidence and mortality and corresponding population, we calculated YLL, YLL per 1000 and AYLL and classifying cancer by ICD-10. RESULTS In 2009, cancer AYLL was 9.42 years/person, 8.84 years/person in urban, 10.33 years/person in rural. YLL was increasing until certain age before decreasing. Furthermore, the YLL was higher in urban than that in rural areas, and higher in males than in females. The highest proportion of YLL was caused by lung cancer in urban areas （24.2%） and liver cancer in rural areas （21.70‰）. There were differences between urban and rural about the order of death cause in cancer, except male in rural （liver cancer was 10.50‰）, lung cancer was the top in the list （urban： males were 5.29%, females were 2.40‰. rural： females were 2.23‰）. Lung cancer was found to affect a wider age group （35--80 years old）. Liver cancer occurred most frequently in younger people （with growth from 25 years old）, and its AYLL was the highest （urban 12.13 years/person, rural 12.87 years/person）. YLL due to gastric cancer was the highest in rural male. CONCLUSIONS YLL due to cancer is influenced by age, sex and there are differences between urban and rural areas. Lung cancer affects the widest people, and AYLL of liver cancer is the highest. Cancer burden in rural is higher than that in urban areas, and males are higher than females. Government should develop targeted measures, rational use of health resources to reduce the burden of premature death for human and society.
出处
《中华肿瘤防治杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第5期279-282,287,共5页
Chinese Journal of Cancer Prevention and Treatment
基金
新疆兵团石河子肿瘤登记与食管癌/贲门癌早诊早治项目(兵财社〔2011〕141号)
关键词
中国
肿瘤
疾病负担
城市
农村
China
cancer
disease of burden
urban
rural
