摘要
本文以22年生落叶松人工林为研究对象,通过分析不同作业方式(对照:900株·hm-2;中度间伐:750株·hm^(-2);强度间伐:450株·hm-2;皆伐:0株·hm^(-2))不同土层(表层:0~10 cm;亚表层:10~20 cm)土壤养分、土壤酶活性的变化以及土壤养分和酶活性之间关系,揭示不同作业方式对落叶松人工林土壤肥力的影响。结果表明:(1)与对照相比,强度间伐显著降低表层土壤全氮和全磷含量,以及亚表层土壤的全碳、全氮、全磷含量和p H,皆伐仅降低表层土壤的全磷和亚表层土壤的全氮和全磷含量,但强度间伐与皆伐对土壤有效磷和无机氮无显著影响;(2)与对照相比,中度间伐显著提高表层土壤酚氧化酶、外切葡萄糖苷酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶活性,而强度间伐显著降低表层和亚表层土壤酸性磷酸酶活性,皆伐显著降低表层土壤的酸性磷酸酶活性;(3)与对照相比,中度和强度间伐均显著提高土壤多种酶(酚氧化酶、外切葡萄糖苷酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶和N-乙酰-β-氨基葡萄糖苷酶)的相对活性,皆伐只显著提高酚氧化酶/全氮的活性;(4)相关分析表明:5种酶与土壤全碳、全氮、全磷、无机氮均呈极显著相关。综上,中度间伐既有利于提高土壤酶活性,又未显著减少土壤养分含量,为落叶松人工林生态系统的可持续经营提供科学依据。
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different silvicultural ways on soil fertility in the larch plantation. One 22-year-old larch stand was chosen and treated with four treatments（ control treatment： 900 trees·hm^（-2）,medium thinning treatment： 750 trees·hm^（-2）,heavy thinning treatment： 450 trees·hm^（-2）,clear cutting treatment： 0 tree·hm^（-2））. Soil nutrients,soil enzyme activities in the top（ 0-10 cm） and sub-top（ 10^（-2）0 cm） soil layers and their relationships were analyzed. Our results showed that（ 1） compared with the control,total carbon and total phosphorus in the top soil layer,and total carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and p H in the sub-top soil layer significantly decreased in the heavy thinning treatment. In addition,total phosphorus in the top soil layer and total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the sub-top soil layer significantly decreased after clear cutting. The heavy thinning and clear cutting treatments did not significantly change soil available phosphorus and inorganic nitrogen contents.（ 2） Compared with the control,the activities of phenol oxidase,exoglucanase and N-acetyl-β-glucosamin-idase significantly increased in the top soil layer under the medium thinning treatment,while acid phosphatase activity significantly decreased in the top and sub-top soil layers under the heavy thinning treatment and in the top soil layer under the clear cutting treatment.（ 3） Compared with the control,the specific enzyme activities（ i. e.,normalized to soil total C and N）,including phenol oxidase,exoglucanase,β-glucosidase,and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase,significantly increased in both two studied soil layers under the medium and heavy thinning treatments. However,there were no significant differences in phenol oxidase,exoglucanase,β-glucosidase,and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase activities between the control and clear cutting treatments,except for the phenol oxidase activity.（ 4） The results of correlation analyses showed that the studied enzymes were significantly related to total carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and inorganic nitrogen contents. In conclusion,medium thinning was more advantageous to sustaining soil fertility in the larch plantation.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第6期1403-1410,共8页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2012CB416906)
中国科学院重点部署项目(KFZD-SW-305)资助
关键词
间伐
落叶松人工林
土壤养分
酶活性
thinning
larch forest plantation
soil nutrient
enzyme activity
