摘要
[目的]为阿维菌素B_2在番茄上的科学合理使用提供依据。[方法]进行2年3地的田间试验并采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用的分析方法研究5%阿维菌素B_2乳油通过灌根施药的方式在番茄和土壤中的消解动态及最终残留情况。[结果]在消解动态试验中,以450 g a.i./hm^2的施药剂量施药1次,阿维菌素B_2在所有的番茄样品中均未检出;阿维菌素B_2在土壤中的消解动态符合一级动力学方程,其半衰期为1.83~2.96 d。在最终残留试验中,以300、450 g a.i./hm^2的施药剂量施药1~2次,施药后1~3 d,在所有的番茄样品中依然没有阿维菌素B_2检出;其中以300 g a.i./hm^2的施药剂量进行施药1~2次,施药后2 d,土壤中即无阿维菌素B_2检出,以450 g a.i./hm^2的施药剂量进行施药1~2次,施药后1~3 d,土壤中的残留量为<0.010~0.070 mg/kg。[结论]根据以上结果并参照我国规定阿维菌素在番茄中的MRL值(0.02 mg/kg),如果按照推荐剂量(300 g a.i./hm^2)和推荐次数(1次)以及正确的施药方式施药,同时建议安全间隔期至少为1 d,5%阿维菌素B_2乳油在番茄上使用是安全的。
[Aims] To provide guidance for reasonable application of avermectin B_2 on tomato. [Methods] Base on the field experiments which were conducted in three locations for two years, a high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry（HPLC-MS） method was used to study the degradation dynamics and final residues of avermectin B_25% EC in tomato and soil through the application method of root-irrigation. [Results] In the degradation dynamics experiments, avermectin B_2 was applied at 450 g a.i./ha for one time, and avermectin B_2 was not detected in all tomato samples; the degradation dynamics for soil fitted the first-order reaction dynamic equations, and the half-lives were 1.83-2.96 d. In the final residues experiments, avermectin B_2 was applied at 300 and 450 g a.i./ha for 1-2 times,avermectin B_2 was not detected in all tomato samples after 1-3 d, avermectin B_2 was not detected in all soil samples after 2 d for 300 g a.i./ha for 1-2 times, the residue levels were 0.010-0.070 mg/kg after 1-3 d for 450 g a.i./ha for 1-2 times.[Conclusions] According to the above results and the MRL（0.02 mg/kg） of abamectin in tomato seted by China, when avermectin B_2 was applied at recommended dose（300 g a.i./ha） and recommended time（one time） as well as the right application method, and recommendation that pre-harvest interval was at least 1 d, avermectin B_25% EC is safe to tomato.
出处
《农药》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第6期437-440,453,共5页
Agrochemicals
