摘要
【目的】探讨越橘果实糖酸性状在后代中的变异和遗传倾向,为越橘品质育种中亲本的选配提供科学依据。【方法】以越橘半同胞系杂交组合为试材,连续2 a利用高效液相色谱技术对亲本及杂交组合后代成熟果实中可溶性糖及有机酸的组分和含量进行检测和分析。【结果】1)糖、酸组分和总糖、总酸平均含量在绝大多数组合中低于或接近于亲中值,存在一定程度的衰退变异;总酸变异系数大于总糖,各组合均分离出一定比例的超高亲单株。2)杂种后代的糖含量呈连续变异,趋近于正态分布,总糖的广义遗传力(H^2)和遗传传递力(Ta)平均值分别是0.74和0.93,主要表现为多基因控制并以加性效应为主的数量遗传;杂种后代枸橼酸和总酸呈偏正态或多峰分布,可能为由主效基因和多基因共同控制的数量性状,H^2平均值分别为0.69和0.72,变异主要来自遗传效应,Ta分别为0.94和0.86,表现为受加性效应影响大,而酒石酸H^2和Ta平均值分别是0.37和0.74,表明酒石酸的遗传效应小,受环境和非加性效应影响大,不能稳定遗传。【结论】越橘果实糖酸含量在杂交后代中均存在衰退变异,糖含量是以加性遗传效应为主且由多基因控制的数量性状,后代糖含量受低糖亲本影响大;越橘果实酸含量受父本影响,其中枸橼酸是主要有机酸组分,能较稳定遗传,而酒石酸受非加性效应影响大,不能稳定遗传。
[Objective]Blueberry,which belongs to the genus Vaccinium of family Ericaceae,has recently received much attention as blueberries have high contents of anthocyanins,flavonols,procyanidins and other types of phenolic compounds which can improve night vision,provide anti-cancer activity and reduce the risk of heart disease.The consumption and cultivation acreage of blueberries are continually increasing worldwide.China has 2×10^8 hm^2 of acidic soil,more than half of which are suitable for blueberry growth.Therefore,China has a huge potential development in blueberry industry.At present,there are three main regions for blueberry cultivation：northeast China（Jilin and Liaoning provinces）,the Shandong peninsula and Yangtze River valley.The blueberry acreage in China has increased rapidly from 24 hm^2 in2001 to 31 210 hm^2 in 2015.Meanwhile,China is becoming a leading blueberry producer in Asia,however,the industry still relies on exotic blueberry cultivars introduced from United States or other countries,and the adaptability of these varieties to local environments in China may be unassured and limited.More attention should be paid on the selection of new excellent varieties with independent intellectual property rights and adaptation to soil and climate in China,however,the inheritance characteristics of main traits of blueberry still remain unanswered,which results in blindness in parent selection.[Methods]Half-sib crosses refer to a family of offspring with only one parent.Maternal half-siblings（offspring of ＇ Spartan ＇ ×＇Bluecrop＇ and ＇Spartan＇ × ＇Northland＇） and paternal half-siblings（offspring of ＇Jersey＇ × ＇Spartan＇and ＇Northland＇ × ＇Spartan＇） were used in the study.Sugar and acid contents of half-sib crosses progenies and their parents were investigated with high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） method in two years.One g fruit was diluted 10 times and grinded,then passed through a 0.22 μm membrane filter for HPLC analysis.Sugar and acid were analyzed using Agilent HPLC system.Sugar was analyzed by using a Agilent Zorbax Carbohydrate column（4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm）,samples were eluted with mobile phase acetonitrile：water =75：25,the flow rate was 1.2 mL·min～（-1）,the column was maintained at 20 ℃,and a evaporative light-scattering detector（Alltech 3300 ELSD） was used.The Platisil ODS C18 column（4.6mm×250 mm,5μm） was used for analyzing organic acids,and the column was maintained at 20 ℃.A diode array detector（Agilent 1290 Infinity DAD G4212A） was used.Samples were eluted with 0.03 mol·L^-1KH2PO4 solution with pH 2.6.Sugar and organic acid contents were expressed as mg·g^-1 of fresh weight.The broad sense heritability（H^2）,genetic transmitting ability（Ta）,variation coefficient（CV） of sugar and organic acid contents within each of crosses were respectively estimated.[Results]Significant difference was observed within the total sugar and acid content of half-sib cross progenies and their parents,which mainly contain fructose,glucose and citric acid in ripe blueberry fruit.The main results of our study were as follows：1） Mean sugar and acid contents of half-sib cross progenies were lower than or similar to midparental value,showing a tendency of depression.The coefficients of variation（CV） of total acid were higher than that in total sugar,and transgressive progenies were observed in all crosses.2） Both the individual and total sugar contents presented a normal distribution,and mean broad sense heritability（H^2） and genetic transmitting ability（Ta） of total sugar were 0.74 and 0.93,respectively,which suggested that the sugar contents were governed by polygenes and showed additive inheritance.Citric and total acid presented a skewed or multi-peak distribution,which implied that both of them were quantitative traits and might be controlled by both major gene and polygenes.H^2 of citric and total acid were 0.69 and 0.72 respectively,which indicated that such a variation of citric and total acid was probably mainly resulted from inheritance.Ta of citric and total acid were 0.94 and 0.86,which implied the variations of them were greatly affected by additive factors.While H^2 and Ta of tartaric were 0.37 and 0.74,respectively.The variation of tartaric acid was greatly affected by environment and non-additive effect.[Conclusion]Inheritance of sugar and acid contents of half-sib cross progenies showed a tendency of depression.Sugar contents were governed by polygenes and showed additive inheritance.The sugar contents of the progenies in this study were greatly influenced by the parent with low sugar,while the acid contents were mainly affected by paternal parent.Citric acid was the major component of the total acid,the contents were greatly affected by additive factors and could be stably inherited.However,it was found in this study that the tartaric contents were mainly affected by non-additive factors and could not be stably inherited in progenies.
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第6期664-675,共12页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
辽宁省博士启动基金(201501118)
国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD02B04-05)
关键词
越橘
半同胞系杂交组合
糖
酸
广义遗传力
遗传传递力
Blueberry
Half-sib crosses
Sugar
Organic acid
Broad sense heritability（H^22）
Genetic transmitting ability（Ta）
