摘要
堰塞坝根据形成机理不同可分为滑坡型堰塞坝、崩塌型堰塞坝和泥石流型堰塞坝3种。对占总数70%以上的滑坡型堰塞坝的形成地形条件、河床条件、水动力条件进行分析,比较了不同条件下堰塞坝形成的可能性,并指出在我国易于形成滑坡型堰塞坝的区域。基于堰塞坝的形成条件,对堰塞坝形成的蠕滑拉裂、剪切面贯通、剧烈启动、高速凌空飞跃和撞击、弹落、重夯成坝5个阶段进行了分析。研究表明,在坡度30°～45°、水深较浅、河床较窄的斜坡地带,最易形成滑坡型堰塞坝。
The barrier dams can be divided into 3 types according to the formation mechanism,namely,the landslide- induced type,collapse- induced type and debris flow- induced type. The topographical conditions,riverbed conditions and hydro- dynamic conditions for the formation of the landslide- induced barrier dams,accounting for more than 70% of the barrier dams,are analyzed. The formation possibilities of barrier dams under different conditions are obtained,and the areas where the barrier dams are easily formed in China are analyzed. On the basis of the formation conditions,the 5 stages of the barrier dam formation are analyzed,including the creep- crack,shear planes penetration,dramatic initiation,leaping at high speed in air,dam forming by gravity collision after crashing and bouncing down. The study showed that the landslide- induced barrier dam would be easily formed in inclined slope area with where the slopes are 30°to 50° with shallow water and narrow riverbed.
出处
《人民长江》
北大核心
2016年第11期94-97,102,共5页
Yangtze River
关键词
地形条件
河床类型
水动力分析
形成机理
堰塞湖地形
topographical conditions
types of riverbed
hydro-dynamic analysis
formation mechanism
topography of the barrier dam
