摘要
目的通过国家科技重大专项＂传染病监测技术平台＂项目,掌握了解青海省不同人群不同年龄和不同季节的脑炎脑膜炎症候群病原谱构成与流行特征,为疫情监控、临床病例的有效救治提供科学依据。方法依据＂艾滋病和病毒性肝炎等重大传染病防治＂科技重大专项传染病监测技术平台项目《脑炎脑膜炎症候群监测技术方案》采集两家哨点医院脑炎脑膜炎病例标本进行病原及流行病学分析。结果 258份脑脊液中检出病原菌17株,其中目标菌有3株,总阳性率为6.59%;病毒荧光PCR检测阳性12份,阳性率为4.65%。细菌、病毒无混合感染病例。病毒感染主要集中在0~15岁组。秋冬季病原微生物检出率高于春夏季,特别是肠道病毒在7~9月的阳性率达到了3.10%。结论青海省细菌性脑炎的优势菌已发生了重要变化,20世纪80年代后由于A群脑膜炎球菌疫苗的普遍应用,脑膜炎奈瑟菌引起的发病不断减少,从原有的脑膜炎奈瑟菌、肺炎链球菌、b型流感嗜血杆菌等改变为以葡萄球菌等为主要的致病菌;非脊灰肠道病毒成为无菌性脑炎的主要病原,并且具有明显的季节性和年龄分布。
Objective To understand etiologic spectrum structure of encephalitis and meningitis syndrome in Qinghai province by infectious diseases surveillance technology platform project for major infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS and viral hepatitis prevention and control special project,so as to provide scientific basis for making preventive measures.Methods According to AIDS and viral hepatitis and other major infectious diseases prevention and control special science and technology major infectious disease surveillance project encephalitis meningitis syndrome monitoring program.Encephalitis specimens were collected from two sentinel hospital and were detected and analysis.Results 17 bacteria strains were isolated from 258 specimens（6.59%）.12 specimens were positive with real-time PCR（4.65%）.No mixed infection among all specimens.Most virus infection group are 0 ~ 15 years old.Detection rate of pathogenic microorganism in autumn and winter was higher than that in spring and summer,especially in third quarter that detection rate is reach to 3.10%.Conclusion Diseases caused by Neisseria Meningitidis continuously decreased due to the general application of Group A Meningococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine after 1980 s.The main pathogenic bacteria of encephalitis are not N.meningitidis,Streptococcus pneumonia and Haemophilus Type b but rather staphylococcus.Non polio enterovirus is the main pathogen as well.
出处
《医学动物防制》
2016年第6期594-596,共3页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
基金
国家重大专项传染病监测技术平台项目(2012ZX10004-208)
关键词
传染病监测技术平台
脑炎脑膜炎症候群
青海省
病原谱
Infectious disease testing technology platform
Meningoencephalitis syndrome
Qinghai province
Pathogenic spectrum
