摘要
目的分析南京市江宁区418名狂犬病暴露者抗体检测结果,了解疫苗免疫后抗体产生情况,为狂犬病的防控工作提供依据。方法对2013-2014年进行狂犬抗体检测的狂犬病暴露者采集静脉血分离血清,采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA法）检测血清Ig G抗体,χ2检验处理数据。结果在418名暴露者中,全程免疫15~20 d后检测381人,未完成全程免疫者15人,接受全程免疫后6个月~1年的检测者22人。全程免疫人群抗体总阳性率为98.16%;男性和女性的抗体阳性率分别为97.81%和98.48%,差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.01,P〉0.05）;各季度接种人群之间的阳性率差异无统计学意义（χ2=1.37,P〉0.05）;0~20岁组、21~50岁组、50~岁组阳性率分别为100.00%、99.10%、90.38%,50~岁组与前两组差异有统计学意义（χ2=7.78,9.53,P〈0.01）。未完成全程免疫人群抗体总阳性率为53.33%;全程免疫后6个月~1年的人群抗体阳性率为86.36%,以上两种特殊免疫人群阳性率均低于全程免疫15~20 d后的检测人群。结论绝大多数暴露者疫苗免疫后能产生有效抗体,但抗体的阳性率并非100.00%,进行狂犬抗体检测是有必要的。疫苗的接种必须按时按量,接种后6个月~1年内再次暴露者建议加强免疫。
Objective To evaluate the immune effectiveness of rabies vaccine in Jiangning.Provide the basis for the prevention and control of rabies.Methods The results of antibody against rabies virus test with ELISE during the period of 2013-2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Use χ2-test for data processing.Results Among the 418 vaccinated people,381 had complete immunization program and the positive rate was 98.16%;15 had incomplete immunization program and the positive rate was53.33%;There were 22 people who had complete immunization program and had been bitten by dogs once again in the 6 months to 1 year,the positive rate was 86.36%.Among the people who had complete immunization program,the positive rates of males and females were 97.81% and 98.48%,there was no statistical significance（χ2= 0.01,P〈0.05）;And there was also no statistical significance with people taken Rabies vaccine in between each quarter（χ2= 1.37,P〈0.05）;The positive rates of the people from 0 to 20 years old,the people from 21 to 50 years old and the people with more than 50 years old were100.00%,99.10% and 90.38%.The positive rate of the people with more than 50 years old had significant difference with the people from 0 to 20 years old and the people from 21 to 50 years old（χ2= 7.78,9.53,P〈0.01）.Conclusion Most of the people taken Rabies vaccine had good antibody production.But the positive rate after vaccination could not reach to 100.00%,examination of rabies antibody must be conducted.People take Rabies vaccine must on schedule,on quality.People who had complete immunization program and had been bitten by dogs once again in the 6 months to 1 year should have booster dose to ensure the producing of antibody.
出处
《医学动物防制》
2016年第6期702-704,共3页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
关键词
狂犬病
抗体
免疫
Rabies
Antibody
Immunization
