摘要
目的探讨集束化护理在预防新生儿呼吸机相关性肺炎（VAP）的效果,为临床护理工作提供参考。方法选取2013年1～12月收治NICU的96例机械通气≥48 h患者为干预组,患者均采取抬高床头30°～45°、密闭式吸痰、加强口咽部管理、严格洗手等集束化护理干预措施,选取2012年1～12月NICU收治的83例机械通气≥48 h患者为对照组,比较两组患者VAP发生率、住院时间及痰病原学检查结果。结果与对照组相比,采用集束化护理方案后VAP发生率由15.67%降至7.29%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;机械通气时间由（8.0±3.5）d缩短至（5.0±2.5）d,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;住院时间由（18.0±4.5）d缩短至（12.0±5.5）d,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;两组患者病原菌均以革兰阴性菌为主,差异无统计学意义。结论集束化护理对预防VAP有着重要的意义,加强对医护人员的培训,提高医护人员对集束化护理方案的依从性,持续有效的跟踪是降低VAP的关键。
Objective To expore the effect of cluster care in preventing neonatal ventilator associated pneumonia（VAP） and provide reference for clinical treatment.Methods 96 patients with mechanical ventilation more than 48 h of NICU from January to December 2013 in our hospital were taken as intervention group,patients were taken up 30 to 45 degrees of the head,sputum suction closed to wash hands,in order to strengthen the management of oropharynx,strict cluster the nursing intervention measures, 83 patients with mechanical ventilation more than 48 h from January to December 2012 were taken as control group,compared the VAP incidence, length of hospital stay and sputum etiology examination results. Results Compared with control group,the method of cluster nursing plan after the incidence of VAP decreased from 15.67% to 7.29%, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Duration of mechanical ventilation by（8.0±3.5） d reduced to（5.0±2.5） d, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Length of hospital stay by（18.0 ± 4.5） d to（12.0±5.5） d, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Two groups of patients pathogenic bacteria were mainly gram-negative bacteria,there was no statistically significant difference. Conclusion Cluster nursing is of great significance to preventing VAP,and to strengthen the training of medical staff, improving the medical staff on cluster treatment compliance and quality tracking effectively is the key to reduce VAP.
出处
《中国卫生标准管理》
2016年第9期217-219,共3页
China Health Standard Management
关键词
新生儿呼吸机相关性肺炎
集束化护理
机械通气
Neonatal ventilator correlation pneumonia
Cluster nursing
Mechanical ventilation
