摘要
本文对锌资源概况、制锌工业的现状与发展等方面进行了综述,对氧化锌真空碳热还原过程分别采用热力学、沸点、蒸气压计算进行分析。热力学计算结果显示,碳的热还原氧化锌反应的理论起始温度随着压强的减小而减小,由常压减小到10Pa时,起始温度由原来的1247K减小到473K;CO气体还原氧化锌反应常压下的理论起始反应温度为1198K,当压力降到10Pa时,起始温度降为404K,由沸点分析可知,分离比Zn高的沸点元素Pb、In、Al、Cu、Sn、Fe在热力学上是可行的;由饱和蒸汽压分析可知,粗锌中各组元的蒸馏顺序分别为:Cd<Zn<Pb<In<Sn<Al<Cu<Fe。真空下,可以防止冷凝过程中二氧化碳与锌发生再氧化反应。由此,本文提出了采用真空炉的方法从氧化锌中制取锌的工艺。
This paper reviewed the situation of zinc resources, zinc industry and the development, and analyze the reduction process from the point of view of thermodynamics, boiling point, and vapor pressure. The thermodynamic calculation results show that the theoretical initial temperature decreases with the decrease of pressure. when the pressure reduced from 105 to 10Pa, the temperature is reduced from 1247 K to 473K; The initial reaction temperature of the reduction reaction of zinc oxide by CO under atmospheric pressure is 1198 K, When the pressure drops to 10 Pa, the starting temperature drops to 404 K. By the analysis of the boiling point, the separation of higher boiling point than Zn elements Pb, In, Al, Cu, Sn, Fe is feasible in thermodynamics;From the analysis by the saturated vapor pressure,the distillation sequence is Cd Zn Pb In Sn Al Cu Fe. The oxidation reaction of carbon dioxide and zinc can be avoided during the condensation process in vacuum, so we put forward a method to prepare zinc form zinc oxide using vacuum furnace.
出处
《真空》
CAS
2016年第3期74-77,共4页
Vacuum
基金
云南省科技厅项目"基础研究"(编号2015FD051)
关键词
金属锌
氧化锌
真空法
碳热还原
metal zinc
zinc oxide
vacuum method
carbon thermal reduction
