摘要
基于1977、1987、1999、2006、2014年5期Landsat MSS/TM/ETM+/OLI遥感影像,结合"中国1︰10万土地利用数据"及土地利用/覆盖变化(LUCC)和景观格局、城市扩展指标等分析了绿洲时空演变及其与人类活动的关系。结果表明:近38年来,格尔木河中下游绿洲变迁呈急剧退缩-退缩-扩张的变化趋势,特别是1977—1987年绿洲退缩速度最快,退缩面积高达638.67 km^2,累计动态度-3.55%,1987—2006年绿洲继续退缩,但速度明显变缓,累计动态度分别为-0.52%和-0.88%,2006—2014年绿洲首次呈扩张状态,绿洲面积增加27.19 km^2,累计动态度0.26%,绿洲变迁趋于稳定。草地变化对绿洲退缩的贡献率最大,林地、耕地和建设用地变化对绿洲扩张的贡献率逐渐增大;绿洲重心迁移明显,迁移方向为南偏东-东南-西南-东南,迁移距离1977—1987年最长,为2.96 km,以后逐渐变短。1977—2014年绿洲景观斑块和破碎度呈增加趋势,景观形状趋于复杂,且当城市扩展率、城市扩展强度减小时,绿洲变化动态指数均减小,表明绿洲景观趋于复杂的同时受人类活动影响日益增大。
Landsat MSS/TM/ETM＋/TIRS remote sensing images in 1977, 1987, 1999, 2006 and 2014 were acquired to analyze spatial and temporal change of the oasis, furthermore, the “1：100 000 data of land use in China”, oasis evolution dynamic model, land use/cover change （LUCC）, landscape pattern index and urban expansion index were used to analyze the spatiotemporal variation and its relationship with human activities. The results showed that： in the last 38 years, Oasis change showed a trend of dramatically retreated-retreated-expansion of oasis in middle and lower reaches of Golmud river, the speed of oasis retreated from 1977 to 1987 was the fastest, and retreated area reached 638.67 km2, the cumulative dynamic degree was -3.55%, oasis continued to retreat slowly from 1987 to 2006, and the cumulative dynamic degree was -0.52% and -0.88% respectively, oasis change tended to be stable as it extended for the first time from 2006 to 2014, the cumulative dynamic degree was 0.26%. The grassland change had great contribution to oasis retreat and forest land, arable land and construction land change played the important role in oasis＇ expansion. The center of gravity moving was obviously with the direction was south by east - southeast - southwest - southeast, the center distance of gravity moving which from 1977 to 1987 was the longest （2.96 km）, and it became shorter in the future gradually. Values of Patches （NP）, fragmentation index （Ci） and landscape shape index （LSI） of oasis were increased from 1977 to 2014, the change of Shannon＇s evenness index （SHEI） responses well to oasis changes, indicating oasis landscape shape tends complicate, and human interfere with the oasis which degree is increasing.
出处
《土壤》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第3期597-605,共9页
Soils
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40961035)
甘肃省自然科学基金项目(0803RJZA094)资助
关键词
格尔木河中下游
绿洲演变
LUCC
景观格局
城市扩展
遥感数据
The middle and lower reaches of Golmud river
Oasis change
LUCC
Landscape pattern
Urban expansion
Remote sensing date
