摘要
目的了解四川省泸州市流感流行特征及病毒流行株的变化情况，为防制工作提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对泸州市2010—2014年哨点医院流感样病例（ILI）监测资料和全市暴发疫情资料进行分析。结果5年间2家哨点医院报告的流感样病例就诊百分比（ILI％）为7．78％（95138／1222690），ILI％从2010年的10．13％下降到2014年的7．28％；0—4岁组ILI构成比为66．10％，5—14岁组为22．62％；每年1月、6—7月为ILI就诊高峰。哨点医院共采集ILI标本4083份，流感病毒核酸阳性298份，其中B型114份（38．26％）、A（H3）85份（28．52％）、新甲H1型81份（27．18％）、A未分型18份（6．04％）；2010—2011年B型为优势株，2012年B型与A（H3）共同流行，2013年新甲H1为优势株，2014年A（H3）为优势株。5年共报告ILI暴发疫情20起，其中B型8起、A（H3）6起、新甲H14起、阴性2起，发病135人，无死亡；90％的暴发疫情发生在中小学校，71％的病例集中在10～12月。结论泸州市ILI％呈下降趋势，0—14岁为重点人群。不同年份B型、新甲H1与A（H3）交替流行，加强ILI监测可为流感早期预警提供依据。暴发疫情多发生在秋冬季，中小学校为高发场所，适时开展流感疫苗接种可有效控制流感暴发。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza and the trend of flu virus types in Luzhou city, and to provide a basis for the disease prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used for analyzing both sentinel hospitals influenza - like illness （ILI） surveillance data and the outbreak data in Luzhou from 2010 to 2014. Results The rate of ILl visit hospital （ILI%） was 7.78% （95 138/1 222 690） in the 5 years, ILI% was decreased from 10. 13% in 2010 to 7.28% in 2014; 0 - 4 age group ILI proportion was 66. 10%, 5 - 14 age group was 22. 62% ; ILI visits peak months were January, June and July. There were 4083 ILI samples collected from sentinel hospitals. There were 298 influenza vims nucleic acid positive copies, of which 114 （38.26%） were type B, 85 （28.52%） were A （H3）, 81 （27.18%） were the new type A HI, and 18 （6.04%） A unclassified. Type B was dominant in 2010 -2011, so were the type B and A （H3） in 2012, new H1 in 2013 and A （H3） in 2014. Twenty ILI outbreaks were reported in 5 years, of which 8 were type B, 6 were A （H3） ses and 0 death, 90% of the outbreaks occurred in schools, 71% and 14 were new H14. There were 135 cacases reported from the October to the December. Conclusion ILI% is decreasing in Luzhou city. Age of 0 -14 years children are the focus population. Different types of virus alternate annually. ILI surveillance can provide the basis for an early warning of influenza. Outbreaks occurred in the autumn and winter and schools were the focus places. Influenza vaccination can control the flu outbreak effectively.
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2016年第8期835-840,共6页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
关键词
流感
流感样病例
流行病学
暴发
influenza
influenza - like illness
epidemiology
outbreak
