摘要
为了探讨不同高粱品种覆膜与施氮肥条件下各生育时期的土壤含水量、产量及其构成因素的影响,试验以2个高粱品种‘晋杂34号’和‘晋杂35号’为试验材料,在山西省农科院经济作物研究所试验田研究了不同栽培措施(B_1:覆膜,B_2:不覆膜),不同施氮梯度(C_1:0 kg/hm^2N,C_2:225 kg/hm^2N,C_3:450 kg/hm^2N)下高粱各生育时期土壤含水量、产量及其构成因素的变化。结果表明:‘晋杂34号’、‘晋杂35号’以覆膜,施氮225 kg/hm^2为合理的栽培措施。覆膜处理显著地缩短了高粱品种的生育期,高粱的生育期随氮肥施用量的增加呈先缩短后延长的变化趋势,覆膜栽培显著的提高了高粱的穗粒重和产量。高粱全生育期0~20 cm土层的土壤耗水较多;增施氮肥加大了土壤0~20 cm、20~40 cm土层的耗水量。该试验获得了高粱在覆膜和氮肥处理下生育特性、土壤水分,产量性状的变化规律,为旱作高粱的研究提供参考。
In order to explore the effects of film mulching and nitrogen application on soil moisture content, yield and yield component at every growth stage of different sorghum varieties, two sorghum varieties ＇JinZa No.34＇ and ＇JinZa No.35＇ were used as materials. The variations of soil moisture content, yield and yield component at every growth stage were studied with different cultivation measures （B1： film mulching and B2 no film mulching） and different nitrogen levels （C1：0 kg/hm2 N, C2：225 kg/hm2 N, C3：450 kg/hm2 N） in the experimental plot of the Industrial Crop Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The results showed that film mulching with N fertilizer application amount of 225 kg/hm2 was the reasonable cultivation measure for ＇JinZa No.34＇ and ＇JinZa No.35＇. The growth period of sorghum was significantly shortened by the film mulching treatment, and the growth period was firstly shortened and then lengthened with the increase of N fertilizer application. Film mulching significantly increased the spike grain weight and yield of sorghum. The water consumption of 0-20 cm soil layer was more during the whole growth period of sorghum and increasing N fertilizer application enhanced water consumption of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers. The change law of growth and development characteristics, soil moisture and yield trait of sorghum under the film mulching and nitrogen application obtained by the experiment would provide a reference for the study on dryland sorghum.
出处
《农学学报》
2016年第7期6-12,共7页
Journal of Agriculture
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系高粱产业技术体系汾阳试验站资金资助(CARS-06-04-06)
国家科技支撑计划课题"优质高粱高效生产技术研究与示范"(2014BAD07B02)
关键词
高粱
生育时期
水分消耗
产量
Sorghum
Growth Stage
Water Consumption
Yield
